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Pharma Tbilisi > Psychiatric Drugs > Flashcards

Psychiatric Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What class of drugs are used in ADHD?

A

Stimulants

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2
Q

How do stimulants work for ADHD?

A

Increases CNS dopamine and NE activity

This gives the patient a sense of stimulation so that they don’t seek stimulation through excessive actions

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3
Q

Most common stimulant used?

A

Amphetamine

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4
Q

Issues with stimulants

A

Abuse potential

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5
Q

What drug can be used in ADHD when there is a risk of abuse?

A

Atomoxetine

It is not a stimulant

Selective NE reuptake inhibitor

Can’t cause euphoria due to having no effect on dopamine

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6
Q

How do alpha-2 agonists work in ADHD

A

Increase prefrontal cortex activity

Regulates attention and behaviour

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7
Q

Name alpha-2 agonists

A

Clonidine

Guanfacine

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8
Q

Explain biogenic amine theory

A

Depression: decrease of NE and serotonin at the synapse

Mania: excess of NE and serotonin at the synapse

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9
Q

Name the classes of antidepressants

A

Tricyclic

MAO inhibitors

SSRIs

SNRIs

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10
Q

Name some SNRIs

A

Venlafaxine

Duloxetine

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11
Q

Name some TCAs

A

Amitryptiline

Imipramine

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12
Q

Name the monoamines

A

Serotonin

Dopamine

Norepinephrine

Histamine

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13
Q

How do TCAs work?

A

Block NE and serotonin reuptake

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14
Q

What other receptors do TCAs affect?

A

They block 5-HT, alpha-1, H-1 and M receptors

Therefore consider the side effects

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15
Q

Features of overdose of TCAs?

A

Seizures
Coma
Hyperthermia
Hypotension
QT pronged arrhythmias

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16
Q

Features of serotonin syndrome?

A

Mental status changes like agitation, restlessness and disorientation

Autonomic hyperactivity like diaphoresis, tachycardia and hyperthermia

Neuromuscular hyperactivity like tremor, clonus, hyperreflexia, bilateral Babinski sign

17
Q

How do we treat serotonin syndrome?

A

Cyproheptadine which is a 5-HT antagonist

18
Q

Common cause of serotonin syndrome?

A

MAO combines with another serotonin drug

19
Q

How long do SSRIs take to work?

A

4 to 8 weeks

20
Q

Side effect of SNRIs not present with SSRIs?

A

Increased BP due to NE effects

21
Q

How do typical/first generation antipsychotics work?

A

Block postsynaptic D2 receptors

22
Q

How do atypical/second generation antipsychotics work?

A

Inhibition of presynaptic 5-HT2A receptors which modulates dopamine release

23
Q

Difference in side effects between typical and atypical antipsychotics?

A

Atypical have fewer extra-pyramidal side effects

Atypical have more metabolic effects

Atypical have fewer ACh effects

24
Q

Examples of first generation/ typical antipsychotics?

A

Haloperidol

Chlorpromazine

Anything ending in -azine

25
Q

Examples of atypical/ second generation antipsychotics

A

Clozapine

Olanzapine

Quetiapine

Risperidone

Anything ending -apine

Anything ending in -idone

26
Q

Bipolar drugs?

A

Carbamazepibe

Lamotrigine

Lithium

Valproic acid

Pharma Tbilisi (12 decks)

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