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History > Edward 6 > Flashcards

Edward 6 Flashcards

1
Q

How much did Somerset government make from debasement?

A

£500,000 ish

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2
Q

How was Somerset’s response to rebellions percieved by council?

A

Feeble

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3
Q

What was Somerset promised by Cranmer?

A

He would not be charged with treason

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4
Q

How did France take advantage of rebellions?

A

Beseiged Boulogne

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5
Q

How many members did regency council have?

A

16, with 12 more to assist when required

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6
Q

Why did government response to Western rebellion deepen resentment?

A

They acted illegally. Executed without trials and confiscated/redistributed land

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7
Q

What did Somerset use household servants as?

A

Government officials

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8
Q

What was Edward Seymour’s title when Henry 8 died?

A

Earl of Hertford

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9
Q

Who was Lady Jane Grey married to?

A

Guildford Dudley… Northumberland’s son

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10
Q

When did Somerset withdraw from Scotland?

A

1549

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11
Q

When was Somerset re-arrested and executed?

A

1551 and 1552

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12
Q

What year did Edward come to the throne?

A

1547

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13
Q

What title did Seymour give himself?

A

Duke of Somerset

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14
Q

What did letters patent give Somerset?

A

Quasi-regal powers

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15
Q

What was the last straw in Cornwall in 1549?

A

Introduction of the first prayer book

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16
Q

What position was Michael Stanhope given?

A

Groom of the stool and chief gentleman of the privy chamber

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17
Q

When was debasement ended by calling in coins and replacing?

A

1551

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18
Q

Bishop of London with extreme protestant views

A

Nicholas Ridley

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19
Q

What was the last time a minor had inherited the throne and what happened?

A

Edward 5 in 1483. Richard 3 most likely murdered his nephews and seized power.5

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20
Q

Example of how Kett was brutally supressed?

A

Kett hanged
3000 killed in one day

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21
Q

What were Somerset’s Scotland plans?

A

Unite the crowns through a marriage between Edward 6 and MQOS

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22
Q

What did Dudley and Cranmer convince Edward to do after fall of Somerset?

A

Appoint religious reformers

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23
Q

4 members of the plot against Somerset

A

Earl of Warwick
Earl of Southampton
Earl of Arundel
Lord St. John

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24
Q

What was notable about East Anglia?

A

Most densely populated and industrialised part of the country

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25
Q

What did Edward see as his mission?

A

To destroy idolatry

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26
Q

Why could Somerset be more independent from parliament?

A

They didn’t grant him his authority

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27
Q

What commissions were established by Northumberland?

A

To investigate expenditure

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28
Q

Where was William Body murdered?

A

Cornwall

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29
Q

Who were declared illigitimate in 1553?

A

Mary and Elizabeth

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30
Q

What did Somerset gain SOLE custody over?

A

The Dry Stamp

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31
Q

Where did council meet during Somerset period?

A

Somerset House

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32
Q

What did Cornish/Devon riots show?

A

Religion was a focus, not the cause necessarily. General discontent.

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33
Q

How many days was LJG queen?

A

Nine

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34
Q

What happened to Robert Welsh?

A

He was hanged on gallows constructed on church tower

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35
Q

Edward 6 effect on Northumberland religious policy

A

Edward was a committed Protestant. Becoming more influential on policy.

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36
Q

How did Cranmer try to reduce distaste towards Somerset?

A

Pushed ‘On Obedience’ to be read in churches. Emphasised disobedience to king was a mortal sin.

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37
Q

When was Somerset threatened by French invasion?

A

1549

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38
Q

What clothes were banned under Northumberland?

A

Traditional vestements

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39
Q

How many anti-enclosure bills were blocked by parliament in 1548?

A

Three

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40
Q

How old was Edward when he came to the throne?

A

9

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41
Q

Who was the likely leader of the Western Rebellion?

A

Robert Welsh, vicar

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42
Q

What was the mistaken belief of people in the Kett Rebellion?

A

Ministers were profiteering from inflation + food shortages

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43
Q

Why did Somerset fail in Scotland?

A

Too expensive to garrison border forts, failed to stop french liberating Edinburgh

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44
Q

When did Francis 1 die?

A

1547

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45
Q

When was the battle of pinkie?

A

1547

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46
Q

How much of the Crown’s annual revenue did Somerset secretly divert to private hands?

A

£20,000

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47
Q

Southampton’s plot against Dudley

A

Tried to gain predominance by charging Dudley with treason. Backfired and the religious conservatives Southampton and Arundel were placed under house arrest.

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48
Q

Relgious reasons for Kett’s Rebellion

A

Pro-protestantism!
Not enough progress
7 articles in manifesto were about this.

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49
Q

What title did Somerset give Wriothesley?

A

Earl of Southampton

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50
Q

When was Somerset Lord Protector?

A

1547-49

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51
Q

Treason Act of 1547

A

Removed censorship.
Allowed protestant material to be brought into England.

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52
Q

When did population growth and inflation peak?

A

1540s

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53
Q

When did Northumberland proclaim LJG queen?

A

9th July 1553

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54
Q

Who did Northumberland have arrested for drawing up conciliar guidelines?

A

William Paget

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55
Q

When was Somerset arrested?

A

October 1549

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56
Q

What did the rebels have in Devon?

A

A traditional catholic mass

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57
Q

What did Cranmer introduce in 1549?

A

Book of Common Prayer

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58
Q

Who plotted against Somerset initially?

A

Thomas Seymour, his brother

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59
Q

What did William Body try to do?

A

Remove images and statues from local churches - faster than government planned

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60
Q

Three examples of conservatives in regency council?

A

Wriothesley - Lord Chancellor since 1544
Paulet
Turnstall

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61
Q

Where did Somerset establish a court of requests?

A

At his own house

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62
Q

Who did sheep tax hurt?

A

Small farmers

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63
Q

What did 1552 Book of Common Prayer do?

A

Removed conservative ceremonies.
Removed ambiguity of 1549 book.

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64
Q

Two reasons anger over enclosure got worse

A

Overstocking of commons by landlords.
Increases in rents.

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65
Q

What happened to the ships sent to prevent Mary from sailing from Norfolk?

A

They changed allegiance, cause of LJG lost right there.

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66
Q

Book of common prayer under northumberland

A

1552, replaced that of 1549

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67
Q

What did somerset refuse (treatment)?

A

Nobody to be tortured or burnt

68
Q

When were 42 articles released?

A

1553, not implemented due to death

69
Q

What Act removed censorship of Protestant materials?

A

Treason Act 1547

70
Q

How much did real wages fall during Edward reign?

A

60%

71
Q

What did Northumberland encourage in terms of trade?

A

Expansion of trade routes. E.g. Africa
Cabot set up new company.

72
Q

Where did the Kett Rebellion capture?

A

Norwich

73
Q

How much did Scottish FP cost Somerset?

A

£600,000

74
Q

When did Edward 6 die?

A

6th July 1553

75
Q

Secondary reason for Western rebellion

A

Hatred of sheep tax

76
Q

How long did it take to crush the Western Rebellion?

A

Six weeks

77
Q

How many royal proclamations did Somerset make?

A

Over 70

78
Q

3 people Somerset relied on most

A

Cranmer
Paget
Dudley (Earl of Warwick, then Duke of Northumberland)

79
Q

Religious proclomation Edward directly intervened in

A

‘Black Rubric’ Proclomation - kneeling not idolatry but good order

80
Q

When was the Treaty of Boulogne?

A

1550

81
Q

What % of wages did people spend on food?

A

80%

82
Q

What market collapsed in 1551?

A

Antwerp

83
Q

Who were put under house arrest?

A

Religious conservatives Southampton and Arundel

84
Q

Local political issues leading to Kett’s

A

Norfolk ill-administered - begun there
JPs disregarded “good” laws
Corrupt ruling classes
Feeling area was being ignored by government

85
Q

What kind of social policy did Somerset have?

A

Progressive

86
Q

What did Northumberland abandon in Scotland?

A

The garrisons

87
Q

Who succeeded Francis 1?

A

Henry 2

88
Q

What can be said about parliament usage under somerset?

A

Ruled often without them.
Needed them for religious laws.
Met 47-52

89
Q

Effect of appointing Michael Stanhope as groom of the stool and chief gentleman of the privy chamber?

A

Somerset was essentially the king’s keeper

90
Q

What kickstarted rebellion in devon?

A

Priest using the new prayer book in 1549

91
Q

Who was more religiously radical - Somerset or Northumberland?

A

Northumberland

92
Q

How quickly did regency council delegate to Seymour?

A

Days

93
Q

Who did Somerset dismiss from the council?

A

Wriothesley - Earl of Southampton

94
Q

Who crushed the Western Rebellion?

A

Lord Russell

95
Q

What law in relation to the poor was repealed by Northumberland?

A

1547 Vagrancy Act

96
Q

Which was the worse harvest - 49 or 50?

A

Both bad. 50 worse

97
Q

Two main rebellions of 1549

A

Western and Kett

98
Q

What Tudor ruler used the most proclamations?

A

The Duke of Somerset!!! Over 70 in just 3 years

99
Q

How did Somerset try to convert Scotland to protestantism?

A

English bibles and expensive garrisons

100
Q

Who was Sir Peter Carrew?

A

Leading gentleman in Devon

101
Q

2 notable exclusions from regency council

A

Arch-conservative Gardiner
Imprisoned Duke of Norfolk

102
Q

What did John Hooper admit in 1550?

A

Pace of change hampered by uncooperative public.

103
Q

What did leaders of Cornish rebellion demand?

A

Restoration of Catholic doctrine and practices. Wanted mass in latin and ban of English bible. Catholic rituals like communion.

104
Q

Why did Somerset allow the Earl of Southampton back into the Privy Council?

A

He denounced Thomas Seymour as a traitor

105
Q

Effect of reintroduction of 1538 injunctions?

A

Inconoclasm in London

106
Q

How much did England get for Boulogne?

A

£133,333

107
Q

What is it possible Henry 8 said in regards to Edward Seymour?

A

He might have named him protector verbally.

108
Q

1550 Treaty

A

Treaty of Boulogne
Ended War of Rough Wooing
Peace, humiliating but neccessary

109
Q

What did Western Rebellion grow out of?

A

Revolts in Cornwall and Devon

110
Q

Main reason for kett

A

ENCLOSURE

111
Q

How many rebels in Kett’s rebellion?

A

16,000

112
Q

What injunctions were reintroduced in 1547?

A

The 1538 first injunctions. Pilgrimages, icons, relics

113
Q

What did the regency council turn into after fall of Somerset?

A

The Privy Council

114
Q

When did Dudley create himself Duke of Northumberland?

A

1551

115
Q

What conservative was imprisoned?

A

Stephen Gardiner

116
Q

Edward Seymour relation to Edward 6

A

Uncle

117
Q

What were the main reasons for Kett Rebellion?

A

Enclosure
Unemployment + inflation
Some protestant elements

118
Q

What physical thing was removed from churches by Northumberland?

A

Altars

119
Q

What title whas John Dudley given in 1547?

A

Earl of Warwick

120
Q

Who was heir after Edward according to 1544 succession act?

A

Mary - staunch catholic

121
Q

How did Peter Carrew aggravate the situation?

A

He was a leading protestant! Seeing him enraged rebels and then one of his servants accidentally set fire to a barn…

122
Q

What did 42 articles do?

A

Officially state protestant doctrine

123
Q

When was Northumberland executed?

A

1553

124
Q

How many killed in Western Rebellion?

A

3000

125
Q

When did France declare war on England (Somerset)?

A

August 1549

126
Q

2 more radical senior members of clergy

A

Nicholas Ridley
John Hooper

127
Q

1549 Book of Common Prayer

A

Translated services into english.
Ambiguous, maybe allowing transubstantiation still.

128
Q

What was there a fall in demand for?

A

English wool

129
Q

Northumberland agricultural success

A

Controlled stocks of grain to relieve crisis by 1551

130
Q

Why did Somerset establish a court of requests?

A

To hear the grievances of the poor

131
Q

How many soldiers brought second time to Norwich?

A

12,000 + 1200 mercenaries

132
Q

What did Henry 8 establish before he died?

A

A regency council

133
Q

Northumberland enclosure policy

A

Withdrew commissioners
Repealed sheep tax in 1550
Enforced existing legislation

134
Q

Who did Somerset appoint as groom of the stool and chief gentleman of the privy chamber?

A

His brother in law, Stanhope

135
Q

When did Dudley (Warwick) become Lord President of the Privy Council?

A

1550

136
Q

What did Northumberland encourage Edward to write?

A

The devyse

137
Q

What city did Western Rebellion beseige?

A

Exeter (regional capital)

138
Q

What did the French do in Scotland in 1548?

A

Took Mary to France to marry the heir to French throne, later Francis 2

139
Q

Three examples of reformers in regency council?

A

Somerset
Cranmer
Denny

140
Q

What battle were the Scots defeated at?

A

Battle of Pinkie

141
Q

What was Henry 2 keen to do?

A

Assert himself

142
Q

What did Somerset insist in regards to signatures?

A

The King’s signature was invalid without his own signature.

143
Q

Where was highlighted in 1547 annoyance and why?

A

The south-west were pissed off about gentry families gaining church/monasterial land.

144
Q

What were Henry 8’s most likely wishes?

A

The regency council holds power without a protector.

145
Q

Why did Somerset withdraw troops from Scotland?

A

Rebellions in England, possibility of French invasion from the South

146
Q

Who was the leader of the Kett Rebellion?

A

Robert Kett

147
Q

What industry had collapsed in Norwich?

A

Textiles, caused unemployment in Norwich

148
Q

What remained the same in the church?

A

The hierarchy

149
Q

What law did Northumberland introduce for poor?

A

1552 poor law

150
Q

What kind of people did Somerset criticise?

A

Wealthy and self-serving

151
Q

How many soldiers did Henry 2 send to Scotland?

A

4000

152
Q

What title was John Dudley given in 1551, and what was his previous one?

A

Duke of Northumberland, previously Earl of Warwick

153
Q

What happened to William Body?

A

He was killed by a mob.

154
Q

Who did Dudley’s son, John, marry?

A

Somerset’s daughter, Anne

155
Q

What happened before the devyse had been ratified?

A

Edward 6 died

156
Q

Who dealt with Kett’s rebellion?

A

John Dudley (warwick… then northumberland)
At first, very incompetently
Had to return

157
Q

Why did John Dudley and Anne Seymour marry?

A

Dudley (Warwick)’s efforts to seek reconciliation with Somerset

158
Q

How did Northumberland raise money?

A

Sold chantry land
Big loans from European bankers
Customs and excise rates raised

159
Q

What happened in 1549 with enclosure in Somerset and Bristol?

A

Mobs tore down fences for enclosure.

160
Q

What hopes did Thomas Seymour seemingly entertain?

A

Marrying Elizabeth and seizing power.

161
Q

What gave Somerset quasi-regal powers?

A

Letters Patent in 1547

162
Q

What were there rumours of in East Anglia in 1549?

A

Government were going to increase taxes

163
Q

When did Somerset see first signs of rebellious sentiment?

A

In 1547 agents sent out to measure progress in reforms found signs of resistance in communities.

164
Q

What enforced the 1549 Book of Common Prayer?

A

Act of Uniformity

165
Q

Example of how Kett was dealt with somewhat leniantly?

A

Only evidence of 49 executions

166
Q

When did John Dudley and Anne Seymour marry?

A

1550

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