Final- Imperialism (Africa) Flashcards
Impearlism
a stronger country dominates a weaker one economically
King Leopold II
Congo- claimed he was humanitarian but exploited the resources and treated the villagers poorly - created a decline in population which he then gave the Congo to belgium.
Berlin confrence
Europeans were very aggressive in pursuing colonies that they nearly began fighting many times. To avoid war they decided to sit down for a meeting to discuss boundaries and acknowledge each other’s claims. (called by bismarck) They met in berlin in 1884 to divide un africa in a civil manner. African nations were not allowed to attend or have a say, so tribes were broken up and enemies were paired with enemies, causing a lot of conflict.
Causes/ motives of impearlism
Economically Europeans wanted to colonize Africa for the rich natural resources found there. Politically, each European nation wanted power and influence.
3 types of imperialism
Direct rule is soldiers and officials sent to administer the colonies directly, Indirect rule is used for local rulers, chiefs and sultans to rule for them. Protectorate is local rulers left in place or local rulers followed the advice of European advisors. Sphere of influence is an outside power claims exclusive trading an investment influence
Social Darwinism
Stated that certain civilizations were superior to others (survival of the fittest implied), superior should dominate inferior.
Suez canal
British had controlling interest, connected the Mediterranean sea to the Indian ocean, which saved traders approx 5,000 miles. Before it was built it was much more expensive and time consuming to move items.
Menelik II
Ethiopia (remained independent)- He outsmarted Italy when they tried to take over Ethiopia. Italy tried to invade and conquer, but the invasion failed due to Ethiopian leaders buying weapons from the British to protect Ethiopia.
British physician, missionary, and explorer who spoke out against the slave trade
David livingstone
British journalist who mapped the interior of Africa for Leopold II
Henery Stanley
Hosted the Berlin confrence
Otto von bismarck
why did European powers want to have power in africa
for the mineral wealth
After the berlin confrence who controlled eastern and southern africa
Britain
how did the industrial revolution contribute to impearlism
they sought new markets and natural resources
how did missionaries treat the native africans
they saw them as children needing guidance
