Discuss Zac and Grace’s development using Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development. You must make reference to the context in your answer. (8)

Question 1

Autonomy versus shame and doubt is classed as stage 2 and usually occurs between 18 months to 3 years of age where children gain independence and control.

Answer 1

.At two years old, Zac is developing a sense of his own autonomy by making his own decisions such as choosing not to wear his sandals.

Question 2

Children that successfully negotiate Stage 2 are secure in their abilities and have self-belief.

Answer 2

Zac’s mother helps him to develop a sense of self-belief and autonomy by supporting his choice of wearing winter boots even though it is hot weather.

Question 3

Industry versus inferiority is classed as stage 4 and usually occurs between 5 to 12 years old with the aim of achieving competencies.

Answer 3

Grace is working hard to learn but is not competent as even with her Mum’s encouragement she is nervous at school.

Question 4

Children may develop feelings of inferiority if they are unable to set their own goals and have repeated negative experiences.

Answer 4

Grace has a sense of inferiority and has not resolved the crisis as she believes that she is not as good as her friends.