Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Basic Culinary > Macronutrients > Flashcards

Macronutrients Flashcards

1
Q

carbohydrates, protein,
and fats

A

macronutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

necessary for building the tissues in your
body including all of the muscles, organs, skin and the
parts of the immune system

A

protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

include sugar, starch and fiber

A

Carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

needed for the membranes that surround all the cells in your body, for normal brain
and nerve function and for signaling hormones

A

Fats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

main source of energy for the
body

A

Carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

little molecules made up of one or two sugar units

A

Simple sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In nutrition, the most
basic simple sugar is…

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

It is called a monosaccharide, which means “single sugar”

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

glucose,
fructose and galactose

A

single sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

a term that means “two
sugars”

A

disaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

lactose, sucrose, maltose

A

disaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

lactose

A

milk sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

sucrose

A

table sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

long chains of the single sugar units

A

complex carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

starch, glycogen, cellulose,

A

complex carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

They are not
water-soluble and require digestive
enzymes called amylases to break them apart.

A

starches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

energy storage form of
carbohydrates found in plants,
especially in the seeds and roots.

A

Starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

energy storage form of glucose found in the muscles and livers of animals

A

Glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

structural component of plants
-one of the important components of fiber

A

Cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

It is the main source of fuel for daily activity

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

One gram of carbohydrate, whether
it is sugar or starch, contains how many calories?

A

4 calories

22
Q

foods that have lots of calories with little or no nutrition

A

empty calories

23
Q

necessary for building the
structural components of the human body

A

Proteins

24
Q

large molecules made up of several
building blocks called amino acids

A

proteins

25
Q

carboxyl group of atoms,
an amine group and a side chain

A

amino acid molecule

26
Q

one carbon, two oxygen, and one hydrogen atom

A

carboxyl group

27
Q

one nitrogen atom with two
hydrogen atoms

A

amine group

28
Q

small chains of amino acids

A

peptides

29
Q

nine amino acids that you must get from your
diet

A

essential amino acids

30
Q

 Alanine
 Arginine
 Asparagine
 Aspartic Acid
 Cysteine
 Glutamic Acid
 Glutamine
 Glycine
 Proline
 Serine
 Tyrosine

A

non-essential amino acids

31
Q

 Histidine
 Isoleucine
 Leucine
 Lysine
 Methionine
 Phenylalanine
 Threonine
 Tryptophan
 Valine

A

essential amino acids

32
Q

Animal sources of protein such as meat, eggs, and dairy products are ___ proteins

A

complete proteins

33
Q

Plant proteins are called “___ proteins.”

A

incomplete proteins

34
Q

Severe protein
deficiency is called …

A

kwashiorkor

35
Q

refers to ketones that your body makes when protein is used as a fuel

A

Ketogenic

36
Q

saturated fats vs unsaturated fats. which is healthy?

A

unsaturated fats

37
Q

substance in food that provides a rich texture
and flavor

A

fats

38
Q

Fats and oils are made up of individual molecules
called …

A

fatty acids

39
Q

Most of the fats in the food you eat are called …

A

triglycerides

40
Q

Most trans fats are created artificially by a process called …

A

hydrogenation

41
Q

What is the term for a protein that promotes chemical reactions in the body?

A) Hormone
B) Enzyme
C) Antibody
D) Neurotransmitter
E) Peptide

A

Answer: B) Enzyme

42
Q

What is the name of the process that turns vegetable oil into a solid substance by adding hydrogen atoms to the unsaturated fatty acids?

A) Hydrolysis
B) Hydrogenation
C) Hydration
D) Hydroxylation
E) Hydrophobicity

A

Answer: B) Hydrogenation

43
Q

What are the four fat-soluble vitamins that fats provide us with?

A) A, B, C, D
B) A, D, E, K
C) B, C, E, K
D) C, D, F, G
E) D, E, F, K

A

Answer: B) A, D, E, K

44
Q

What is the name of the storage form of glucose found in the muscles and livers of animals?

A) Starch
B) Cellulose
C) Glycogen
D) Glucose
E) Sucrose

A

Answer: C) Glycogen

45
Q

What are the two types of configurations of hydrogen atoms on either side of the double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids?

A) Alpha and beta
B) Cis and trans
C) Left and right
D) Up and down
E) In and out

A

Answer: B) Cis and trans

46
Q

What is the term for a carbohydrate that is made up of many glucose units linked together?

A) Starch
B) Sucrose
C) Fructose
D) Cellulose
E) Glycogen

A

Answer: A) Starch

47
Q

What is the name of the enzyme that breaks down starch into glucose in the mouth and the small intestine?

A) Amylase
B) Pepsin
C) Trypsin
D) Lipase
E) Lactase

A

Answer: A) Amylase

48
Q

What are the two types of protein sources, based on their amino acid content?

A) Complete and incomplete
B) Essential and non-essential
C) Animal and plant
D) Saturated and unsaturated
E) Simple and complex

A

Answer: A) Complete and incomplete

49
Q

What is the name of the fatty acid that has two or more double bonds in its carbon chain?

A) Saturated
B) Monounsaturated
C) Polyunsaturated
D) Trans
E) Hydrogenated

A

Answer: C) Polyunsaturated

50
Q

What is the term for a protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body?

A) Hormone
B) Enzyme
C) Antibody
D) Neurotransmitter
E) Peptide

A

Answer: B) Enzyme

51
Q

What is the term for a fat that has more than one double bond in its carbon chain and is usually liquid at room temperature?

A) Saturated
B) Monounsaturated
C) Polyunsaturated
D) Trans
E) Hydrogenated

A

Answer: C) Polyunsaturated

52
Q

What are the two types of simple sugars that are found in carbohydrates and have different effects on blood sugar levels?

A) Soluble and insoluble
B) Simple and complex
C) Starch and cellulose
D) Glucose and fructose
E) Alpha and beta

A

Answer: D) Glucose and fructose

Basic Culinary (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions