GDC [010, 011] Ourselves before birth

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

Answer 4

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

Derivatives of the epiblast?

Answer 6

Question 7

Derivatives of the hypoblast?

Answer 7

The Extraembryonic endoderm

Question 8

Answer 8

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

Which of the following forms those?

Answer 10

Mesoderm

Question 11

Which of the germ layers forms those structures?

Answer 11

Endoderm

Question 12

Which of the germ layers forms those structures?

Answer 12

Ectoderm

Question 13

What is pluripotency?

Answer 13

The inner cell mass of the mammalian blastocyst will form the more than 200 different cell-types, from all three germ layers, found in the human adults. This is a property known as pluripotency.

Question 14

What does the notochord form with its signals?

Answer 14

Question 15

Explain the phenomenon of regression

Answer 15

Question 16

Explain the role of Localised Determinants in cell differentiation?
(3 points)

Answer 16

Question 17

What suggests that cells communicate with each other to restrict their potential?

Answer 17

Question 18

What is Embryonic Induction?

Answer 18

Question 19

The two types of cells required for Embryonic Induction?

Answer 19

Question 20

The ability of a cell to respond to a signal is known as …..

Answer 20

Competence

Question 21

The Four Key Signalling Families?

Answer 21

I. Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGFß)

II. Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)

III. Wingless/Int1 (WNT)

IV. Hedgehog

Question 22

Explain how the Paraxial Mesoderm forms the Somites (3 points)

Answer 22

Question 23

Answer 23

Question 24

Answer 24

Question 25

What is formed by the Sclerotome?

Answer 25

Question 26

The signal that promotes formation of Floor plate and motor neurons in the neural tube?

Answer 26

Sonic Hedgehog

Question 27

What secretes Sonic hedgehog (SHH)?

Answer 27

Sonic hedgehog (SHH) is a secreted signalling protein synthesised by the notochord