PART 8

Question 1

sporotrichosis agent

2 forms

Answer 1

Agent: Sporothrix schenckii
Dimorphic fungus (2 forms:)

Yeast form → inoculated into wounds
Papules which may exude purulent material (initial form)
Nodules commonly found in the limbs reaching up to the chest area
Mold form
In the environment

Question 2

sporotrichosis dx

what shape can be found in WBC

Answer 2

Cytology
Giemsa stain
Cigar-shaped yeast inside the WBC
Culture of tissue or exudate
Skin biopsy

Question 3

Systemic antifungal suspension tx for sporotrichosis

Answer 3

Sodium iodide

Question 4

Most common skin tumor of horses
Locally invasive fibroblastic neoplasms
Head ears limbs
May arise spontaneously
Or may be found in areas with severe trauma to the skin

suspected causative agent

Answer 4

sarcoids

CA: Bovine papillomavirus (Suspected)

Question 5

skin bipsy and surgery is recommnede din sarcods t/f

Answer 5

f -Not recommended
Lead to fibroblastic sarcoids
Histopath: whirls or circular formation of fibroblast
Interracing bundle of fibroblast

Question 6

types of sarcoids
Warts
Benign neglect
Walang gagawin

“Proud flesh”
Tx: Surgical removal of tumors followed by the injections of the BCG vax

Answer 6

verrucous

fibroblastic

Question 7

types of sarcoids
Flat and circular; not all have bulging appearance
Benign neglect

Answer 7

occult

Question 8

Skin biopsy and surgery not recommended in occult and verrucous sarcoids.
Can lead to fibroblastic sarcoids
t/f

Answer 8

t

Question 9

tx of sarcoids

Answer 9

Surgical debulking

BCG (Bacille Calmette Guerin) vaccine
To stimulate immune response (host LOs and NKs) to tumor cells

Flunixin meglumine and Prednisone: given first (pretreatment) to prevent anaphylaxis risk due to vax 30mins before
Every 2-3 weeks for 4 tx

Cisplatin: 100% effective in some reports

Question 10

benign or malignant
Lesions: nodular, black in appearance
Observed at the ventrum of tail

Answer 10

melanoma

Question 11

melanoma
breeds predisposed + color + age

Answer 11

arabian
perceheron

Predilected in Gray colored horses
Even in dapple gray horses
Relationship between gray coat color and melanomas ; >15 yrs of age

Question 12

reporeted to cause regression in tumors (melanoma)

melanomas commonly interfere with the horses function t/f

Answer 12

cimetidin

f- No Tx
Unless tumors interfere with function
Rare that these tumors interfere with horse performance

Question 13

MOST COMMON NODULAR DZ IN HORSES

2 common proposed causes

nodules common in

Answer 13

EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA COMPLEX

reaction on insect bites
Other environmental allergens
Saddle / riding equipment

neck back trum

Question 14

size variatios f EGC

Answer 14

0.5-1cm

Question 15

EGC other terms

Answer 15

eosinophilic granuloma with collagen degeneration,
nodular necrobiosis of collagen or
collagenolytic granuloma

Question 16

EGC: ___due to chronic irritation and chronic insect bites = ____ texture

Answer 16

calcify

rock hard

Question 17

tx of EGC

Answer 17

Corticosteroids (high doses)
Antibiotics (secondary infections)
Surgical removal
For chronic cases; for calcified lesions

Question 18

Vesicles: fluid filled lesion <1cm in size
Vesicles → ulcerations/erosions
Suspect vesicle producing disease

Answer 18

MUCOCUTANEOUS VESICULAR DISEASE

Question 19

lesions on reproductive tract
Transmitted during coitus
PIc: Start at vesicles → ulcers (urethra, penis, vulva) → lack of libido due to pain

causative agent

Answer 19

Equine herpes coital exanthema
Caused by EHV-3 (Equid alphaherpesvirus 3)

Question 20

digansis of EHV3

Answer 20

appearance of lesions
skin biopsy
virus isolation

Question 21

tx of EHV3

Answer 21

Mainly symptomatic
Avoid corticosteroids

Question 22

transmission of EHV3

Answer 22

Coitus
Insects
Fomites
Inhalation

Question 23

Sore nose and sore mouth

Answer 23

vesicular stomatitis

Question 24

vesicular stoma:
major serotype
enzootic in 3 places
incubation period
causatve agent

Answer 24

rhabdovirus
Major Serotypes:
New jersey
Indiana
Enzootic in north, central, south america
IP 24-72 H

Question 25

vesicular stoma tx

Answer 25

Tx: symptomatic treatment
Soft diet (gruel) until oral lesions heal

Question 26

During surgery or poorly fitting riding equipment, tight/unevenly wrapped bandages → impedance to blood flow (capillaries)

Answer 26

Decubital ulcers
“Pressure sores”
Pressure sores, setfasts, saddle galls and saddle sores

Question 27

high risk for decubital ulcers

Answer 27

High risk: thin and emaciated animals
Lesions on bony prominences
Lesions start as hair loss → swollen → erythematous → lose elasticity → sloughing → hardened skin → necrosis
necrotizing skin ulcer

Question 28

decubital ulcers causes

Answer 28

May develop from:
Poorly fitting tack
Impedance to blood flow
Prolonged recumbency
Tight bandages

Question 29

lesions of decubital ulcers

hardening of skin or

Answer 29

Hair loss
Swelling
Erythema
Necrosis
Loss of elasticity
Sloughing of SC tissue
Hardening of skin “Parchment-like” skin
No distinct odor
Impedance of blood flow only (no infection)
If with secondary infection: will have odor due to pus

Question 30

tx of decubital ulcers

Answer 30

Wound management
Surgical debridement of necrotic skin

Question 31

Some body areas without skin
Secondary infection is common
Small defects → surgical correction
Large defects → already fatal especially in foals

other term

Answer 31

Aplasia cutis

Epitheliogenesis imperfecta

Question 32

Abnormal masses in areas without skin e.g., mucous membrane

Mm in eyes: ectopic skin with hair → infection or irritation of the eyes
Surgically removed if small cysts

occur in what breeds

Answer 32

Dermoid sinuses or cysts

thoroughbred