Oral pathology test 6

Question 1

Alleles

Answer 1

Genes that are located at the same level or locus in the 2 chromosomes of a pair and determine the same functions

Question 2

amino acid

Answer 2

Organic compound containing an amino group NH2; amino acids are the main component of proteins

Question 3

Autosomes

Answer 3

Nonsex chromosomes (identical for men and women)

Question 4

Barr body

Answer 4

Condensed chromatin of the inactivated X chromosome (found at the periphery of the nucleus cells in women)

Question 5

Carrier

Answer 5

Heterozygous individual who is clinically normal but can transmit a recessive trait or characteristic; person who is homozygous for autosomal dominant condition with low penetrance

Question 6

Centromere

Answer 6

Constricted portion of the chromosome that divides the short arms from the long arms

Question 7

Chromatid

Answer 7

Either of the two vertical halves of a chromosome that are joined at the centromere

Question 8

Chromatin

Answer 8

Material DNA that forms the chromosome

Question 9

Chromosome

Answer 9

Structure located in the nucleus where genes are found

Question 10

Codon

Answer 10

Sequence of 3 bases in DNA that encodes an amino acid

Question 11

Coloboma

Answer 11

Congenital defect of the eye; notch on the outer area of the lower eyelid

Question 12

Consanguinity

Answer 12

Blood relationships; mating with close relatives

Question 13

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Answer 13

Substance composed of a double chain of polynucleotides with both chains could around the c

Question 14

Diploid

Answer 14

Having 2 sets of chromosomes; normal constituent of somatic cells

Question 15

Dominant

Answer 15

Trait that is manifested when it is carried by only one pair of homologous chromosomes

Question 16

Expressivity

Answer 16

Degree of clinical manifestation of a trait

Question 17

Facies

Answer 17

Appearance of the face

Question 18

Gamete

Answer 18

Spermatozoon or ovum

Question 19

Gene

Answer 19

Hereditary units, transmitted from one generation to the next; made up nucleotides and location on chromosome

Question 20

Genetic heterogeneity

Answer 20

Having more than 1 inheritance pattern

Question 21

Haploid

Answer 21

Single set of chromosomes; gamete is a haploid

Question 22

Heterozygote

Answer 22

Individual with 2 different genes at the allele loci

Is the carrier

Question 23

Homozygote

Answer 23

Individual with identical genes at the allele loci

Question 24

hypertlorism

Answer 24

Condition in which there is greater- than-normal distance between 2 paired organs; ocular hypertelorism, a condition marked by a greater than normal distance between the eyes

Question 25

Hypodontia

Answer 25

Developmental condition marked by fewer than normal teeth; partial anodontia

Question 26

Hypohidosis

Answer 26

Abnormally diminished secretion of sweat

Question 27

Hypoplastic

Answer 27

Underdeveloped

Question 28

Karyotype

Answer 28

Photomicrographic represention of a persons chromosomal constition arranged according to the Denver classification

Question 29

Locus

Answer 29

Position occupied be a gene on a chromosome

Question 30

meiosis

Answer 30

2 step cellular division of the original germ cells which reduce the chromosomes from 4n DNA to 1n DNA

Question 31

Metaphase

Answer 31

Cellular division where the chromosomes are lined up along the equatorial plane when they are most visible

Question 32

Mitochondria

Answer 32

Cytoplasmic organelles that have their own DNA in a circular chromosome

Question 33

Mitochondrial DNA

Answer 33

DNA that is maternally inherited