S1_L1: Study of Cells, Functional Organization & the Internal Environment, & Homeostasis

Question 1

Water accounts for what percent of body composition in the average young adult male?

Answer 1

60-70%

Question 2

Protein accounts for what percent of body composition in the average young adult male?

Answer 2

18%

Question 3

Oxygen rich and nutrient rich fluids that exist in an organism outside of
cells but sealed within the body cavities and vessels.

Answer 3

Extracellular fluid

Question 4

TRUE OR FALSE: Extracellular fluid is the internal sea that is less dilute than sea water.

Answer 4

False. It is more dilute

Question 5

Fat accounts for what percent of body composition in the average young adult male?

Answer 5

15%

Question 6

The water component of blood and tighters of antibody that accounts 5% of body weight.

Answer 6

Blood plasma

Question 7

The cellular elements of blood are known as?

Answer 7

Hematocrit

Question 8

A procedure done by injecting chemicals that kills cancer cells and
surrounding cells (collateral damage). It is the gold standard for cancer treatment.

Answer 8

Chemotherapy

Question 9

A scenario where one mistake in the DNA code produces a different code for protein is referred to as?

Answer 9

Code aberration

Question 10

TRUE OR FALSE: Bodily water decreases as an individual gets older

Answer 10

True

Question 11

TRUE OR FALSE: In obese individuals, a greater % of body fat means less water in their body fluids.

Answer 11

True

Fat is oil and oil doesn’t harbor water and these don’t mix

Question 12

Intracellular fluid accounts for how much of the total body water?

Answer 12

Two-thirds

Question 13

Extracellular fluid accounts for how much of the total body water?

Answer 13

One-third

Question 14

Formula for total body water

Answer 14

0.6 x body weight in kg

Question 15

Formula for intracellular fluid

Answer 15

0.4 x body weight in kg

Question 16

Formula for extracellular fluid

Answer 16

0.2 x body weight in kg

Question 17

Determine the corresponding description/examples of positive & negative feedback mechanisms

1. Increase in one factor, produces a decrease in the other factor
2. Giving birth
3. Endocrine system, HPO axis
4. Increase in one factor, increases the other

A. Positive feedback
B. Negative feedback

Answer 17

1. B
2. A
3. B
4. A

Question 18

The maintenance of static or constant conditions in the
internal environment

Answer 18

Homeostasis

Question 19

TRUE OR FALSE: Homeostasis is not equal to equilibrium because the external or internal environment may not be equal. Equilibrium means equal concentration in
one side and the other.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Enumerate the 5 reasons why it is important to study how cells function

Answer 20

1. To remove abnormal cells
2. To modulate cell activity
3. To kill specific cells
4. To influence cell communication
5. To replace defective genes

Question 21

During strenuous exercise, a higher respiratory rate would result in a ___ arterial pressure and pH.

Answer 21

higher

Question 22

TRUE OR FALSE: In a cold environment, humans still lose body water through the skin and sweat

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Human lose body water through ___ via the lungs

Answer 23

Respiration

Question 24

Most body water is lost through this type of water loss.

Answer 24

Sensible water loss

Question 25

Body water loss through the stomach, lungs, skin, and intestines. The individual is unaware of the water loss.

Answer 25

Insensible water loss

Question 26

This replenishes intracellular fluid

Answer 26

Interstitial fluid

Question 27

In cases of diarrhea where there is no water absorption due to the intestine shutting down so that it will not absorb the bacteria, the blood plasma is lesser which will ___ the number of cells.

Answer 27

increase

Question 28

TRUE OR FALSE: When an electrolyte or ion is absorbed, water immediately follows.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

TRUE OR FALSE: If an individual drinks water without any ions, the water will have a longer absorption time.

Answer 29

True