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Obgyn 1 > Chapter 15 > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Flashcards

1
Q

When is organogenesis completed?

A

By 10 weeks

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2
Q

What are weeks 6-10?

A

Embryonic period

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3
Q

What is midgut herniation?

A

Intestines herniate into base of umbilical cord around week 8 and return to abdominal cavity around week 12

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4
Q

What is the importance of midgut herniation?

A

Allows room for intestines to grow and rotate

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5
Q

At how many weeks does the fetal period start and when does it end?

A

Weeks 11 to term

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6
Q

When does the amnion and chorion fuse?

A

2nd trimester

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7
Q

What is the purpose of the fetal period?

A

Time for fetal growth and maturation

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8
Q

What is the purpose of the crown rump measurement?

A

Measurement gives an accurate assessment of how far along the pregnancy is

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9
Q

What is MSD?

A

Mean sac diameter

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10
Q

When are the most accurate reliable dates obtained?

A

1st trimester

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11
Q

When is CRL most accurately measured?

A

Weeks 6-12

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12
Q

When is MSD used? and why?

A

Between weeks 5-11, to determine gestational age

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13
Q

What measurement provides the most accurate measurements for gestational dating?

A

Early CRL

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14
Q

What is nuchal translucency?

A

Accumulation of subcutaneous fluid in the nuchal region

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15
Q

Where is nuchal translucency typically found?

A

In embryos with aneuploidy

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16
Q

When is nuchal translucency evaluation performed?

A

Between 11-14 weeks

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17
Q

What is the normal thickness for nuchal translucency?

A

Less than 3 mm

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18
Q

What is aneuploidy?

A

Abnormal number of chromosomes

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19
Q

When doing an OB ultrasound what is the preferred method for obtaining a fetal heart tone?

A

M-mode

20
Q

When do you typically see the gestational sac?

A

Week 4-5

21
Q

What are some sonographic landmarks of the first trimester?

A

Gestational sac, yolk sac, amnion, embryo and cardiac activity

22
Q

What confirms dx of IUP?

A

Yolk sac

23
Q

What group of hormones, primarily produced in the ovaries, which affect secondary sex characteristics and the menstrual cycle?

A

Estrogen

24
Q

What structure within the cavity of the blastocyst provides nourishment to the embryo and produces its first blood cells and is the first structure to be sonographically identified within the gestational sac?

A

Yolk Sac

25
Q

What are the changes in the endometrium to allow implantation of a blastocyst called?

A

Decidualization

26
Q

What hormone is produced in the anterior pituitary and triggers ovulation in females?

A

Luteinizing hormone

27
Q

What is another name for yolk sac?

A

Umbilical vesicle

28
Q

What is another name for estimated date of confinement

A

Estimated date of delivery

29
Q

What is a spermatozoon?

A

Male gamete

30
Q

What is the name for the measurement of the longest axis of an embryo and determines gestational age?

A

Crown-rump length

31
Q

What hormone produced by the corpus luteum and the placenta?

A

Progesterone

32
Q

What is the name for the amount of times a woman has been pregnant?

A

gravidity

33
Q

What is the name for the product of fertilization including all stages from zygote to fetus?

A

Conceptus

34
Q

What is the first sonographic evidence of an intrauterine pregnancy, the fluid-filled blastocyst

A

Gestational sac

35
Q

What protein is produced by the trophoblasts and abnormal results may be associated with an increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities?

A

pregnancy associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A)

36
Q

How long does normal gestation last approximately?

A

280 days

37
Q

Ultrasound in the first trimester is mostly performed to demonstrate:

A

EDD and GA

38
Q

The head of the sperm cells contains ___________ which house enzymes allowing for penetration of the outer layer of the ovum.

A

Acrosome

39
Q

The ______________ hormone triggers ovulation.

A

luteinizing

40
Q

Fertilization generally occurs in the ____________ portion of the fallopian tube.

A

Ampullary

41
Q

What prevents more than one sperm entering an ovum?

A

zona pellucida

42
Q

A cluster or ball of forming cells is a:

A

morula

43
Q

The portion of the endometrium that surrounds the blastocyst:

A

decidua capsularis

44
Q

The portion of the endometrium that surrounds the blastocyst:

A

decidua capsularis

45
Q

The yolk sac becomes part of the embryonic gut and contributes to:

A

digestive, respiratory, and urogenital development

46
Q

At what age have the rudimentary forms of all embryonic organs and structures developed:

A

almost 11 weeks’ menstrual/gestational age

Obgyn 1 (14 decks)

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