L1 Intro Flashcards
APTA Position on BPA
The use of biophysical agents as a standalone intervention, or the use of multiple biophysical agents with a similar physiologic effect, is not considered physical therapy nor is it considered medically necessary without documentation that justifies the use of the biophysical agents for those purposes.
Total Musculoskeletal assessment
Pt hx
observation
movement exam
palpation
joint play
reflexes
special tests
diagnostic imaging
What is the primary reason people seek out PT?
PAIN–> can be central, chemical, mechanical
Left untreated, pain leads to
inhibition
guarding
weakness
dysfunction
disuse disease
When treated, pain leads to
decrease in pain
facilitation
willingness to move
increased function
increased capacity
Tissue healing steps
Bleeding
Inflammation
Proliferation
Remodeling
Inflammation
onset within a few hours
max reaction 1-3 days and gradual resolution over 1-3 weeks
differs based on how vascular the tissue is, overall health, subsequent trauma
Why do we use NSAIDs/ice to stop inflammation?
minimize excessive cell death
Vascular events of inflammation
vasoconstriction, vasodilation, exudate, clotting
Proliferation
generating repair material like collagen, growth factors, fibrobasts
onset within 24-48 hrs, peak at 2-3 weeks, continues for 4-6 months
too much anti-inflammatory treatment can minimize the effects of this stage
Remodeling
refining collagen and extracellular matrix
type 3 collagen changes into type 1
can begin within the first week
continues for up to a year or more
General factors that delay healing
age
protein deficiency
vitamin c deficiency
steroids
NSAIDs
low body temp
Local factors that delay healing
ischemia
adhesion to other tissues
prolonged inflammation
excessive mechanical stress
What should be the role of BPA?
accelerate a cellular process
limit adverse consequences
optimize an outcome
What does the body need to heal?
control of cell death
cellular growth
membrane permeability
growth of specialized cells
appropriate loading
circulation
