Clyde Notes Flashcards

1
Q

How many messages does it take to translate server name into IP

A

6

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2
Q

How many messages setup TCPIP connection

A

3

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3
Q

How many messages to send HTTP Get request

A

4

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4
Q

How many messages to tear down connection

A

4

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5
Q

What is a network at the lowest level

A

2+ Computers connected by a link

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6
Q

TCP/IP

A

Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. Defines how information is transmitted over the internet

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7
Q

IP Address

A

4 numbers separated by a . that uniquely identify each host on the internet. Used to route information, no two hosts can have the same IP.

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8
Q

SMTP

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. Defines how email is sent online

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9
Q

How did packet switching come about

A

Military swapped to packet switching because circuit switching was too fragile

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10
Q

First packet switched network

A

ARPANET in 1969

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11
Q

Internetting Project

A

When packet switched networks were connected together

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12
Q

WAN Transmission Lines

A

There are many transmission lines that connect routers in a WAN

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13
Q

Network Layer in terms of transmission

A

Lowest Layer that deals with end to end transmission. Wants to get packets to destination.

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14
Q

Routing algorithms

A

Determine how network chooses path to take, decides which output line an incoming packet should be transmitted on.

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15
Q

Store and Forward (Packet Switching)

A

Host sends a packet to nearest router, packet stored there until it has arrived and verified checksum.
Forwarded to next router until destination is reached.

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16
Q

Issues with Store and Forward for Transport Layer

A

Services are to be independent from router technology.
Transport layer should be shielded from info of router.
Network Address shared with Transport layer should use uniform numbering plan.

17
Q

Issues with Store and Forward in general

A

No error control.
Not reliable connection oriented service.
QoS

18
Q

Flow control done by

A

Hosts

19
Q

What technology failed to take over IP

A

ATM technology

20
Q

Each packet in a network should

A

carry full destination address as each packet is sent independently

21
Q

Unicast

A

Sent to a single destination

22
Q

Multicast

A

Sent to multiple destinations

23
Q

Classes of Failure

A

Bit Error, 2nd Class, Semantic Gap

24
Q

Packet Switched networks

A

Split messages into small packets, store and forward to next node, every node has an address, efficient.

25
Q

Bit Error

A

Rare but may call for retransmission

26
Q

2nd Class

A

Packet loss by network

27
Q

Semantic Gap

A

Difference between what app expects and what network provides

28
Q

Layering

A

Manage abstraction which leads to layers in network system. Modular

29
Q

Objects making up layers

A

protocols

30
Q

Protocols in layers

A

Define operations performed by local objects

31
Q

Service interface

A

defined to objects that want to use communication service

32
Q

Request/Reply protocol

A

supports operations by which app can receive and send messages

33
Q

Peer interface

A

defined by protocol to its counterpart on remote machine. Implements exchange of messages, defining form and meaning