Clyde Notes

Question 1

How many messages does it take to translate server name into IP

Answer 1

6

Question 2

How many messages setup TCPIP connection

Answer 2

3

Question 3

How many messages to send HTTP Get request

Answer 3

4

Question 4

How many messages to tear down connection

Answer 4

4

Question 5

What is a network at the lowest level

Answer 5

2+ Computers connected by a link

Question 6

TCP/IP

Answer 6

Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. Defines how information is transmitted over the internet

Question 7

IP Address

Answer 7

4 numbers separated by a . that uniquely identify each host on the internet. Used to route information, no two hosts can have the same IP.

Question 8

SMTP

Answer 8

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. Defines how email is sent online

Question 9

How did packet switching come about

Answer 9

Military swapped to packet switching because circuit switching was too fragile

Question 10

First packet switched network

Answer 10

ARPANET in 1969

Question 11

Internetting Project

Answer 11

When packet switched networks were connected together

Question 12

WAN Transmission Lines

Answer 12

There are many transmission lines that connect routers in a WAN

Question 13

Network Layer in terms of transmission

Answer 13

Lowest Layer that deals with end to end transmission. Wants to get packets to destination.

Question 14

Routing algorithms

Answer 14

Determine how network chooses path to take, decides which output line an incoming packet should be transmitted on.

Question 15

Store and Forward (Packet Switching)

Answer 15

Host sends a packet to nearest router, packet stored there until it has arrived and verified checksum.
Forwarded to next router until destination is reached.

Question 16

Issues with Store and Forward for Transport Layer

Answer 16

Services are to be independent from router technology.
Transport layer should be shielded from info of router.
Network Address shared with Transport layer should use uniform numbering plan.

Question 17

Issues with Store and Forward in general

Answer 17

No error control.
Not reliable connection oriented service.
QoS

Question 18

Flow control done by

Answer 18

Hosts

Question 19

What technology failed to take over IP

Answer 19

ATM technology

Question 20

Each packet in a network should

Answer 20

carry full destination address as each packet is sent independently

Question 21

Unicast

Answer 21

Sent to a single destination

Question 22

Multicast

Answer 22

Sent to multiple destinations

Question 23

Classes of Failure

Answer 23

Bit Error, 2nd Class, Semantic Gap

Question 24

Packet Switched networks

Answer 24

Split messages into small packets, store and forward to next node, every node has an address, efficient.

Question 25

Bit Error

Answer 25

Rare but may call for retransmission

Question 26

2nd Class

Answer 26

Packet loss by network

Question 27

Semantic Gap

Answer 27

Difference between what app expects and what network provides

Question 28

Layering

Answer 28

Manage abstraction which leads to layers in network system. Modular

Question 29

Objects making up layers

Answer 29

protocols

Question 30

Protocols in layers

Answer 30

Define operations performed by local objects

Question 31

Service interface

Answer 31

defined to objects that want to use communication service

Question 32

Request/Reply protocol

Answer 32

supports operations by which app can receive and send messages

Question 33

Peer interface

Answer 33

defined by protocol to its counterpart on remote machine. Implements exchange of messages, defining form and meaning