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aubf > Stras: Stool > Flashcards

Stras: Stool Flashcards

1
Q

In what part of the digestive tract do pancreatic enzymes and bile salts contribute to digestion?
A. Large intestine
B. Liver
C. Small intestine
D. Stomach

A

C. Small intestine

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2
Q

Where does the reabsorption of water take place in the primary digestive process?
A. Large intestine
B. Pancreas
C. Small intestine
D. Stomach

A

A. Large intestine

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3
Q

Which of the following tests is not performed to detect osmotic diarrhea?
A. Clinitest
B. Fecal fats
C. Fecal neutrophils
D. Muscle fibers

A

C. Fecal neutrophils

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4
Q

The normal composition of feces includes all of the following except:
A. Bacteria
B. Blood
C. Electrolytes
D. Water

A

B. Blood

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5
Q

What is the fecal test that requires a 3-day specimen?
A. Fecal occult blood
B. APT test
C. Elastase I
D. Quantitative fecal fat testing

A

D. Quantitative fecal fat testing

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6
Q

The normal brown color of the feces is produced by:
A. Cellulose
B. Pancreatic enzyme
C. Undigested foodstuffs
D. Urobilin

A

D. Urobilin

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7
Q

Diarrhea can result from all of the following except:
A. Addition of pathogenic organisms to the normal intestinal flora
B. Disruption of the normal intestinal bacterial flora
C. Increased concentration of fecal electrolytes
D. Increased reabsorption of intestinal water and electrolytes

A

D. Increased reabsorption of intestinal water and electrolytes

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8
Q

Stools from persons with steatorrhea will contain excess amounts of:
A. Barium sulfate
B. Blood
C. Fat
D. Mucus

A

C. Fat

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9
Q

Which of the following pairings of stool appearance and cause does not match?
A. Black, tarry: blood
B. Pale, frothy: steatorrhea
C. Yellow-gray: bile duct obstruction
D. Yellow-green: barium sulfate

A

D. Yellow-green: barium sulfate

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10
Q

Stool specimens that appear ribbon-like are indicative of which condition?
A. Bile-duct obstruction
B. Colitis
C. Intestinal constriction
D. Malignancy

A

C. Intestinal constriction

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11
Q

A black tarry stool is indicative of:
A. Upper GI bleeding
B. Lower GI bleeding
C. Excess fat
D. Excess carbohydrates

A

A. Upper GI bleeding

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12
Q

Chemical screening tests performed on feces include all of the following except:
A. APT test
B. Clinitest
C. Pilocarpine iontophoresis
D. Trypsin digestion

A

C. Pilocarpine iontophoresis

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13
Q

Secretory diarrhea is caused by:
A. Antibiotic administration
B. Lactose intolerance
C. Celiac sprue
D. Vibrio cholerae

A

D. Vibrio cholerae

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14
Q

The fecal osmotic gap is elevated in which disorder?
A. Dumping syndrome
B. Osmotic diarrhea
C. Secretory diarrhea
D. Steatorrhea

A

B. Osmotic diarrhea

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15
Q

Microscopic examination of stools provides preliminary information as to the cause of diarrhea because:
A. Neutrophils are present in conditions caused by toxin-producing bacteria
B. Neutrophils are present in conditions that affect the intestinal wall
C. Red and white blood cells are present if the cause is bacterial
D. Neutrophils are present if the condition is of nonbacterial etiology

A

B. Neutrophils are present in conditions that affect the intestinal wall

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15
Q

Microscopic examination of stools provides preliminary information as to the cause of diarrhea because:
A. Neutrophils are present in conditions caused by toxin-producing bacteria
B. Neutrophils are present in conditions that affect the intestinal wall
C. Red and white blood cells are present if the cause is bacterial
D. Neutrophils are present if the condition is of nonbacterial etiology

A

B. Neutrophils are present in conditions that affect the intestinal wall

16
Q

True or False: The presence of fecal neutrophils would be expected with diarrhea caused by a rotavirus

A

FALSE

17
Q

Large orange-red droplets seen on direct microscopic examination of stools mixed with Sudan III represent:
A. Cholesterol
B. Fatty acids
C. Neutral fats
D. Soaps

A

C. Neutral fats

18
Q

Microscopic examination of stools mixed with Sudan III and glacial acetic acid and then heated will show small orange-red droplets that represent:
A. Fatty acids and soaps
B. Fatty acids and neutral fats
C. Fatty acids, soaps, and neutral fats
D. Soaps

A

C. Fatty acids, soaps, and neutral fats

19
Q

When performing a microscopic stool examination for muscle fibers, the structures that should be counted:
A. Are coiled and stain blue
B. Contain no visible striations
C. Have two-dimensional striations
D. Have vertical striations and stain red

A

C. Have two-dimensional striations

20
Q

A value of 85% fat retention would indicate:
A. Dumping syndrome
B. Osmotic diarrhea
C. Secretory diarrhea
D. Steatorrhea

A

D. Steatorrhea

21
Q

Which of the following tests would not be indicative of steatorrhea?
A. Fecal elastase-I
B. Fecal occult blood
C. Sudan III
D. Van de Kamer

A

B. Fecal occult blood

22
Q

Gum guaiac is preferred over ortho-tolidine for “occult” blood in mass screening tests because:
A. There is less interference from dietary hemoglobin
B. Ortho-tolidine is less sensitive
C. Gum guaiac reacts equally with formed and watery stools
D. Filter paper is more easily impregnated with gum guaiac

A

A. There is less interference from dietary hemoglobin

23
Q

What is the recommended number of samples that should be tested to confirm a negative occult blood result?
A. One random specimen
B. Two samples taken from different parts of three stools
C. Three samples taken from the outermost portion of the stool
D. Three samples taken from different parts of two stools

A

B. Two samples taken from different parts of three stools

24
Q

Which test is more sensitive to upper GI bleeding?
A. Guaic fecal occult blood
B. Hemoquant
C. Immunochemical fecal occult blood
D. Sudan III

A

B. Hemoquant

25
Q

Annual testing for fecal occult blood has a high predictive value for the detection of:
A. Colorectal cancer
B. Malabsorption syndromes
C. Pancreatic deficiencies
D. Ulcers

A

A. Colorectal cancer

26
Q

Tests for the detection of “occult” blood rely on the:
A. Reaction of hemoglobin with hydrogen peroxide
B. Pseudoperoxidase activity of hemoglobin
C. Reaction of hemoglobin with ortho-tolidine
D. Pseudoperoxidase activity of hydrogen peroxide

A

B. Pseudoperoxidase activity of hemoglobin

27
Q

What is the significance of an APT test that remains pink after addition of sodium hydroxide?
A. Fecal fat is present.
B. Fetal hemoglobin is present.
C. Fecal trypsin is present.
D. Vitamin C is present.

A

B. Fetal hemoglobin is present.

28
Q

In the Van de Kamer method for quantitative fecal fat determinations, fecal lipids are:
A. Converted to fatty acids prior to titrating with sodium hydroxide
B. Homogenized and titrated to a neutral endpoint with sodium hydroxide
C. Measured gravimetrically after washing
D. Measured by spectrophotometer after addition of Sudan III

A

A. Converted to fatty acids prior to titrating with sodium hydroxide

29
Q

A patient whose stool exhibits increased fats, undigested muscle fibers, and the inability to digest gelatin may have:
A. Bacterial dysentery
B. A duodenal ulcer
C. Cystic fibrosis
D. Lactose intolerance

A

C. Cystic fibrosis

30
Q

A stool specimen collected from an infant with diarrhea has a pH of 5.0. This result correlates with a:
A. Positive APT test
B. Negative trypsin test
C. Positive Clinitest
D. Negative occult blood test

A

C. Positive Clinitest

31
Q

Which of the following tests differentiates a malabsorption cause from a maldigestion cause in steatorrhea?
A. APT test
B. D-xylose test
C. Lactose tolerance test
D. Occult blood test

A

B. D-xylose test

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