nucleic acids - big to small Flashcards

1
Q

What is a genome?

A

The entire DNA of an organism

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2
Q

What is a chromosome?

A

A straight strand of DNA . Most cells have 2 strands with the same genes

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3
Q

What is a gene?

A

A short section of DNA within a chromosome.
Has code for specific protein

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4
Q

What is DNA?

A

A double stranded molecule containing information for making proteins. Controls reactions needed in cells.

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5
Q

The double strands of DNA form into a ?

A

Double helix

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6
Q

What is a nucleotide formed of?

A

A sugar, a phosphate and a nitrogenous base

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7
Q

What are the 4 nucleotide bases?

A

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

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8
Q

What does Adenine always pair with?

A

Thymine

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9
Q

What does Cytosine always pair with ?

A

Guanine

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10
Q

Name two nucleic acids?

A

DNA and RNA

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11
Q

Elements of Carbohydrates?

A

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

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12
Q

Smallest units of Carbohydrates?

A

Simple sugars which are soluble

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13
Q

Is Starch a soluble or insoluble molecule?

A

Insoluble - why it’s used for storage

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14
Q

Name two simple sugars?

A

Glucose, fructose

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