nucleic acids - big to small Flashcards
What is a genome?
The entire DNA of an organism
What is a chromosome?
A straight strand of DNA . Most cells have 2 strands with the same genes
What is a gene?
A short section of DNA within a chromosome.
Has code for specific protein
What is DNA?
A double stranded molecule containing information for making proteins. Controls reactions needed in cells.
The double strands of DNA form into a ?
Double helix
What is a nucleotide formed of?
A sugar, a phosphate and a nitrogenous base
What are the 4 nucleotide bases?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
What does Adenine always pair with?
Thymine
What does Cytosine always pair with ?
Guanine
Name two nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
Elements of Carbohydrates?
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
Smallest units of Carbohydrates?
Simple sugars which are soluble
Is Starch a soluble or insoluble molecule?
Insoluble - why itβs used for storage
Name two simple sugars?
Glucose, fructose