Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 10 > PSYCHOLGY EXMA > Flashcards

PSYCHOLGY EXMA Flashcards

1
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

Reasoning, planning problem solving, decision making, emotions, movement and personality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

body information, touch, temperature and taste.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

Vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

Hearing and memory.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Broca’s Area

A

frontal lobe, left hemisphere.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A

Temporal Lobe, dominant hemisphere.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CT Scan beneifts

A

can be 3D and more detail than x-ray.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CT Scan Disadvantages

A

black and white, only shows structure (not activity).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

MRI Scan benefits

A

detect small changes in brain anatomy down to myelin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

MRI Scan Disadvantages

A

loud and only shows structure (no activity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

PET Scan Benefits

A

looks at brain activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

PET Scan Disadvantages

A

Little detail and unreliable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

fMRI Scan Benefits

A

detects abnormalities in both structure and function of organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

fMRI Scan Disadvantages

A

expensive and patient most stay still

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Primary Research

A

Information collected firsthand through a researcher.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Secondary Research

A

Information collected by another researcher at an earlier time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Extraneous Variable

A

Variable that may impact the dependent variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Confounding Variable

A

Variable that impacts the dependent variable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Within Subjects (repeated measures)

A

two or more measures are obtained from a sample of subjects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Within Subjects (repeated measures) Advantage

A

good results

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Within Subjects (repeated measures) Disadvantage

A

carryover effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Case Study

A

study only focuses on one person or a few individuals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Case Study

A

study only focuses on one person or a few individuals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Case Study Advantage

A

Qualitive, good when sample hard to find or situation is hard to replicate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Case Study Disadvantage

A

small sample size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Observational Study

A

behaviour is observed and recorded by researcher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

fMRI Scan Disadvantage

A

expensive and patient most stay still

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Observational Study Advantage

A

easy, high accuracy and doesn’t require any technical skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Observational Study Disadvantage

A

not everything is observed, expansive and time consuming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Controlled Experiment

A

experiment with all the same factors in both the control and experimental group except for the IV.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Self-Report

A

participants are asked to report on their own behaviours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Self-Report Advantage

A

simple and cheap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Self-Report Disadvantage

A

bias and decrease validity and reliability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Participant Related Variables

A

Any characteristic of a specific participant that could affect study results.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Order Effects

A

The results are affected by the order in which the tests are done.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Experimenter Effect

A

The experimenter aims to produce the results that meet their expectation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Situational Variables

A

Aspects of environment that may affect a participant’s behaviour.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Psychological Development

A

an individual’s cognitive emotional and social growth over time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Hereditary Factors

A

factors that influence development that have been passed genetically down from biological parents to children.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Environmental Factors

A

factors that influence development that come from someone’s environment and social surroundings.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Genetic Predisposition

A

Increased likelihood to develop certain traits.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Biopsychosocial Model

A

A model that depicts how biological, psychological and social factors work together to influence psychological development and wellbeing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Biological Factors

A

Genetic based factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Psychological Factors

A

Factors relating to a person’s mind, such as thoughts or feelings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Social Factors

A

Factors relating to a relationship or environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Plasticity

A

flexibility and adaptability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Critical Periods

A

narrow and rigid period of development in which a specific function or skill must be learnt.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Sensitive Periods

A

Period of development in which it is optimal to learn a specific function or skill.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Cerebrum

A

Biggest part of the brain, split into two halves and control muscle functions, speech, thought, emotions, reading, writing and learning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Medulla

A

Responsible for autonomic nervous response (heart rate and respiration process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Pons

A

Controls unconscious processes, such as sleep-wake cycle.

52
Q

Reticular Function

A

subserves autonomic, motor, sensory, behavioural, cognitive and mood-related functions

53
Q

Thalamus

A

keeps you awake and alert, role and thinking, processing emotions, memories and learing.

54
Q

Hypothalamus

A

To keep the body in homeostasis, all body systems are balanced and function correctly.

55
Q

Hindbrain

A

functions needed to survive, pons cerebrum and medulla

56
Q

Midbrain

A

motor function and sensory information (visual and audio), thalamus, pons and recticular function

57
Q

Forebrain

A

processes information, Cerebrum, thalamus and hypothalamus

58
Q

Mixed Design

A

A study that combines a between and within subject design.

59
Q

Mixed Design Advantage

A

more reliable, lots of data

60
Q

Mixed Design Disadvantage

A

expensive, time consuming, complex

61
Q

Synapse

A

small pocket of space between two cells, where they can pass messages to communicate

62
Q

Neuroplasticity

A

Brain’s ability to change in response to experience to environment.

63
Q

Adaptive Plasticity

A

Brain’s ability to restore functioning over time after an injury.

64
Q

Sprouting

A

type of adaptive plasticity neuron’s ability to make new branches on the dendrites or axons.

65
Q

Rerouting

A

type of adaptive plasticity in which a neurons ability to form new connections with another undamaged neuron.

66
Q

Developmental Plasticity

A

changes the brain in response to aging

67
Q

Myelination

A

the formation and development of myelin around a neurons axon

68
Q

Synaptogenesis

A

the formation of synapses between neurons as axon terminals and dendrites grow.

69
Q

Synaptic Pruning

A

the elimination of unused synapses

70
Q

Traumatic Brain Injury

A

brain damage caused by an external force

71
Q

Informed Consent

A

All participants understand all aspects of an experiment before agreeing, written consent is needed.

72
Q

Correlational Study

A

objective study of the relationship between variables without control or manipulation

73
Q

Correlational Study Advantage

A

cheap, good to predict casual relationships and human behaviour

74
Q

Correlational Study Disadvantage

A

no cause and effect, possible confounding variable

75
Q

Neurodegenerative Disease

A

conditions in which cells in the brain break down, causing problems with how people move, think, feel or behave.

76
Q

Epilepsy

A

a chronic neurological condition that causes an individual to experience recurrent seizures

77
Q

Seizures

A

caused by rapid and uncoordinated electrical firing in the brain causing temporary abnormalities in behaviours, movements

78
Q

Deception

A

Is only allowed when knows the purpose and is only used when necessary.

79
Q

Gut-Brain Axis

A

the communication between the central and enteric nervous system

80
Q

Debriefing

A

By the end of the experiment the participant leaves fully understanding all aspects.

81
Q

Concussion

A

a type of traumatic brain injury

82
Q

Emotional Development

A

developmental changes in how an individual experiences different feeling and how they are expressed.

83
Q

Cognitive Development

A

The development of mental processes over a lifespan

84
Q

Social Development

A

The development of skills that enable an individual to interact with others.

85
Q

Between Subjects (independent groups design)

A
86
Q

Between Subjects (independent groups design)

A

each member of the sample is paired with someone with the same characteristic who are then put into the control or experimental groups.

87
Q

Between Subjects (independent groups design) Advantage

A

more reliable and better results

88
Q

Between Subjects (independent groups design) Disadvantage

A

carryover affect, complex, need a large sample size

89
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A

Outer layer on top of cerebrum divides brain in two.

90
Q

Cultural Perspectives

A

influence of society and community on ones thoughts and behaviour

91
Q

Social Norms

A

society’s unofficial rules and expectations

92
Q

Statistical Rarity

A

something that lies outside the range of statistical normality.

93
Q

Personal Distress

A

a negative self-oriented emotional reaction.

94
Q

Maladaptive Behaviour

A

an action that impairs an individual’s ability to meet the demands of life.

95
Q

Normality

A

thoughts, feeling and behaviours considered common and acceptable

96
Q

Neurotypicality

A

development and cognitive functioning are typical.

97
Q

CTE

A

degenerative brain disease

98
Q

CTE Symptoms

A

cognitive impairments, mood disorders, impulsivity, executive functioning, aggression and dementia.

99
Q

Acquired Brain Injuries

A

all types of brain injury after birth

100
Q

Acquired Brain Injuries - Biological

A

changes to biological functioning, organs and neurons

101
Q

Acquired Brain Injuries - Social

A

changes to social skills

102
Q

Acquired Brain Injuries - Psychological

A

changes to a person thoughts, feelings and behaviour

103
Q

Assimilation

A

taking in new information and fitting it into old information

104
Q

Accommodation

A

changing an existing mental idea to fit new information

105
Q

Sensorimotor Stage

A

1st Piaget Stage
Age – 0-2

106
Q

Pre-Operational

A

2nd Piaget Stage
Age – 2-7

107
Q

Concrete Operational Stage

A

3rd Piaget Stage
Age – 7-12

108
Q

Formal Operational Stage

A

4th Piaget Stage
Age – 12+

109
Q

Goal Directed Behaviour

A

Doing things with a predetermined purpose
Stage – Sensorimotor Stage

110
Q

Object Permanence

A

Learning that something exists when you cannot see them
Stage – Sensorimotor Stage

111
Q

Transformation

A

Understanding that something can change from one state to another state
Stage – Pre-Operational Stage

112
Q

Egocentrism

A

Unable to see something from someone else’s perspective
Stage – Pre-Operational Stage

113
Q

Centration

A

Only focuses on one feature at a time.
Stage – Pre-Operational Stage

114
Q

Animism

A

All objects have a consciousness.
Stage – Pre-Operational Stage

115
Q

Symbolic Thinking

A

thinking based on the ability to represent abstract concepts.
Stage – Pre-Operational Stage

116
Q

Reversibility

A

Ability to mentally follow a sequence of events back to the start.
Stage – Pre-Operational Stage

117
Q

Classification

A

ability to organise information into categories
Stage – Concrete Operational Stage

118
Q

Conservation

A

An object doesn’t change its mass even if its shape changes.
Stage – Concrete Operational Stage

119
Q

Idealistic Thinking

A

Definition – Comparing themselves and others to a perfect standard.
Stage – Formal Operational Stage

120
Q

Abstract Thinking

A

Definition – Considering concepts in brain
Stage – Formal Operational Stage

121
Q

Secure Attachment

A

Definition – forms good relationships, independent, self-sufficient, self-esteem and resilience.

122
Q

Insecure Avoidant Attachment

A

struggles to make bonds/be intimate, ignores/dismisses own emotions and avoids depending on others.

123
Q

Insecure Resistant Attachment

A

heavily depend on others for support and seek others.

124
Q

Disorganised Attachment

A

infants show odd and inconsistent increase behaviour.

125
Q

Beneficence

A

Trying to maximise benefits and minimise harm.

126
Q

Non-Maleficence

A

Avoiding harm in an experiment.

127
Q

Justice

A

ensure fair access to all benefits and no unfair burden to a group.

Year 10 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions