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passmed qs > 8/06 > Flashcards

8/06 Flashcards

1
Q

regular monitoring methotrexate

A

LFTs

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2
Q

local anaesthetic toxicity

A

20% lipid emulsion

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3
Q

colles fracture

A

FOOSH
dorsally displaced radius
dinner fork deformity

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4
Q

bennetts fracture

A

intra-articular fracture at the base of the thumb metacarpal
punching injury

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5
Q

smiths fracture

A

fall backwards onto a flexed wrist
volar angulation of the distal radius fragment (garden spade deformity)

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6
Q

pericarditis tx

A

NSAID/colchicine

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7
Q

hypercalcaemia initial tx

A

IV fluids

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8
Q

diabetets insipidus osmolalities

A

high plasma
low urine

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9
Q

what finding indicates CKD rather than AKI

A

hypocalcaemia

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10
Q

safe to continue in AKI

A
  • Paracetamol
  • Warfarin
  • Statins
  • Aspirin (at a cardioprotective dose of 75mg od)
  • Clopidogrel
  • Beta-blockers
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11
Q

should be stopped in AKI as may worsen renal function

A
  • NSAIDs (except if aspirin at cardiac dose e.g. 75mg od)
  • Aminoglycosides
  • ACE inhibitors
  • Angiotensin II receptor antagonists
  • Diuretics
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12
Q

Should be stopped in AKI as increase risk of toxicity but doesnt actually worsen renal function

A
  • Metformin
  • Lithium
  • Digoxin
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13
Q

stage 1 AKI

A

creatinine 1.5-1.9 x baseline

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14
Q

stage 2 AKI

A

creatinine 2-2.9 x baseline

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15
Q

stage 3 AKI

A

creatinine 3 x baseline

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16
Q

calcium gluconate effect

A

stabilises cardiac membrane, does not lower potassium levels

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17
Q

risk of using NaCl for fluid therapy in large volumes

A

hyperchloraemia metabolic acidosis

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18
Q

tx of hypertension in CKD

A

ACEi

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19
Q

T1 resp failure

A

hypoxia without hypercapnia

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20
Q

T2 resp failure

A

hypoxia with hypercapnia

21
Q

minimal change glomerulonephritis tx

A

prednisolone

22
Q

minimal change glomerulonephritis tx

A

prednisolone

23
Q

acute tubular necrosis finding

A

low urine osmolality and high urine sodium

24
Q

tx of MRSA pre-op

A

nasal mupirocin + chlorhexidine to the skin

25
Q

Ethylene glycol toxicity

A

fomepizole

26
Q

osteosarcome

A

Codman triangle (a triangular area of new subperiosteal bone) with an associated sunburst appearance

27
Q

prolonged diarrhoea ABG

A

metabolic acidosis with hypokalaemia

28
Q

what change in nephrotic syndrome predisposes to VTE

A

loss of anti-thrombin III

29
Q

positive immunohistochemistry for PLA2

A

membranous glomerulonephritis

30
Q

blood stained nipple discharge in younger women

A

intraductal papilloma

31
Q

HHS tx

A

IV 0.9% sodium chloride and thromboprophylaxis

32
Q

If a secondary pneumothorax > 2cm and/or the patient is short of breath

A

chest drain first line (not aspiration)

33
Q

first line analgesics for neuropathic pain

A

amitriptyline, duloxetine, gabapentin or pregabalin

34
Q

first line analgesics for neuropathic pain

A

amitriptyline, duloxetine, gabapentin or pregabalin

35
Q

pituitary tumour sight

A

bitemporal hemianopia

36
Q

which ovarian tumours are assoc with endometrial hyperplasia

A

granulosa cell tumours

37
Q

sign to differentiate between organic and non-organic lower leg weakness

A

hoovers

38
Q

acute asthma mx

A
  1. Oxygen
  2. Salbutamol nebulisers
  3. Ipratropium bromide nebulisers
  4. Hydrocortisone IV OR Oral Prednisolone
  5. Magnesium Sulfate IV
  6. Aminophylline/ IV salbutamol
39
Q

1st line tx of hypercalcaemia

A

fluids

40
Q

mx of post op ileus

A

nil by mouth and NG tube

41
Q

which abx should be avoided in pts taking valproate

A

ciprofloxacin as it lowers seizure threshold

42
Q

strongest RF for anal cancer

A

HPV infection

43
Q

anti mitochondrial antibody

A

primary biliary cholangitis

44
Q

H pylori eradication therapy

A

lansoprazole + amox + clari

45
Q

signs of R sided heart failure

A

raised jvp
hepatomegaly
peripheral oedema

46
Q

when should people with CKD be prescribed an ACEi

A

ACR >30

47
Q

acute limb ischaemia tx

A

analgesia, IV heparin and urgent vascular review for surgery

48
Q

cervical cancer first mets

A

pelvic lymph nodes along the iliac arteries

passmed qs (18 decks)

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