10.3 Chapter Questions Digestive System Disorders

Question 1

How do Helicobacter pylori cause ulcers? Explain your answer in detail.

Answer 1

• inflammation causes cells to not function well
• mucus gets affected which is the protective layer and it impacts the stomach due to the acid eating away at the stomach

Question 2

Why are coffee and citrus fruits, such as oranges and grapefruits, not recommended for patients with ulcers?

Answer 2

Both coffee and citrus fruits can increase stomach acid secretion, leading to discomfort and potentially delaying the healing process of ulcers.

Question 3

Identify some lifestyle changes that can reduce the risk of developing a gallstone.

Answer 3

• Maintain a healthy weight through balanced diet and regular exercise.
• Gradually and slowly lose weight if needed, avoiding rapid weight loss.
• Consume a diet rich in fiber, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
• Limit the intake of high-fat and cholesterol-rich foods.
• Stay hydrated by drinking an adequate amount of water.
• Avoid or limit alcohol consumption.
• Engage in regular physical activity.
• Maintain a healthy and balanced lifestyle overall.

Question 4

Why might Crohn’s disease be difficult to diagnose?

Answer 4

• non-specific symptoms
• variable presentation
• lack of definitive tests
• disease progression

Question 5

Distinguish between inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis, and describe in which part of the digestive tract each disease occurs.

Answer 5

Crohn’s disease
- same type of inflammation but can be anywhere - - from mouth to rectum
- difficult diagnose
- may affect all layers

ulcerative colitis
- starts at the rectum
- localized ti the end of the colon
- easy to diagnose
- typically just effects the bowel walls

Question 6

What are the general symptoms of hepatitis?

Answer 6

Fatigue
Abdominal pain or discomfort
Loss of appetite
Nausea and vomiting
Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
Dark urine
Pale-colored stools
Muscle and joint aches
Fever
Itching

Question 7

Diseases of the liver can be fatal. Why is the liver such an important organ?

Answer 7

• produces bile
• cleanses blood of toxins
• stores glycogen, which maintains blood sugar levels
• breaks down and recycles red blood cells

Question 8

For health reasons, particularly to fight cancer, certain organs of the digestive system may be removed or altered. Which organs are vital to digestion and, thus, could not be removed?

Answer 8

essential
- liver (needed for other functions outside of digestion)
- pancreas
- small intestine

not essential
- teeth
- mouth
- salivary glands
- esophagus
- stomach
- gallbladder
- large intestine
- anus/rectum

Question 9

Why do you think the incidence of diabetes is generally higher among elderly people than in younger people?

Answer 9

• diet
• pancreas fatiguing
• exercise/lifestyle (most important)
• hormones

Question 10

Stem cells have the potential to develop into nearly any kind of cell when they mature. How might advances in stem cell research contribute to new treatments for diabetes?

Answer 10

• type 1 diabetes is when your auto immune response attacks the insulin producing cells
• the stem cells can be put into pancreas and stimulated to become pancreas which can assist with insulin levels