Prejudice And Discrimination

Question 1

Prejudice meaning

Answer 1

Pre-judgement

Question 2

Discrimination meaning

Answer 2

Acting on prejudice

Question 3

Who came up with social identity theory?

Answer 3

Tajfel

Question 4

what does social identity mean?

Answer 4

People tend to identify with their groups and will have negative views about other groups

Question 5

Social categorization meaning

Answer 5

Seeing yourself a part of a group who share similarities

Question 6

Social comparison meaning

Answer 6

Viewing your social identity as superior to theirs- leading to prejudice of out-groups

Question 7

opposite to outgroups

Answer 7

In groups

Question 8

Why does prejudice happen?

Answer 8

Inter group dynamics

Question 9

Negatives of the social identity theory

Answer 9

Doesn’t think about individuals personality differences, sherif’s argument of realistic conflict theory explains conflict over human needs and resources

Question 10

Positives of social identity theory

Answer 10

Explains sports teams hostility, Elliott’s eye color theory

Question 11

What does realistic conflict theory state?

Answer 11

Suggests that prejudice arises where there is competition for resources between group

Question 12

Who came up with realistic conflict theory and when?

Answer 12

Sherif - 1966

Question 13

What is hostility the result of in the realistic conflict theory?

Answer 13

The competition causes people to do anything to deny the outgroup access to the resource

Question 14

What did Gina Perry say about sherif’s first experiment?

Answer 14

It lacked credibility and reliability

Question 15

What was the robber’s cave study?

Answer 15

Explores realistic conflict theory while looking at what causes groups to change behavior

Question 16

What was the aim of Sherif’s study?

Answer 16

To find out what factors make two groups develop hostile relationships and to see how this can be reduced

Question 17

How was hostility measured in sherif’s study?

Answer 17

Observing the boys behavior and friendship patterns

Question 18

Sample of sherif’s study
\

Answer 18

22 ppts- all 11 year old boys who were selected by opportunity sampling and split into two groups

Question 19

What were the groups called in sherif’s study?

Answer 19

Eagles and rattlers

Question 20

Formation phase of sherif

Answer 20

Boys arrived on separate buses and had separate camps- unaware of other group. Group counselors observed for 12 hours a day and had no influence

Question 21

Friction phase of sherif

Answer 21

Inter group formation and prizes promised for winners. Name calling and flag burning took place

Question 22

Integration phase of sherif

Answer 22

Brought the boys together as they shared pizza and fixed a pipe

Question 23

Results of sherif

Answer 23

Sherif realized they needed very little encouragement to be competitive with name calling and flag burning. Friction was reduced by a group task and reward for all

Question 24

Conclusion of sherif

Answer 24

Although inter group conflict is inevitable, when competition is present, it can be reduced

Question 25

Generalizability of sherif?

Answer 25

Only boys aged 11- all white Americans

Question 26

Reliability of sherif

Answer 26

First study showed no results so it is questionable how much influence the counselors had

Question 27

Application of sherif

Answer 27

Applied to school settings of bullying

Question 28

Validity of sherif

Answer 28

Methods of tape recording and observation alongside realistic situations

Question 29

Ethicality of sherif

Answer 29

No informed consent given as well as pushed to be hostile towards one another

Question 30

What 3 strategies can reduce prejudice?

Answer 30

1. Feel what its like to be a victim (Elliot)
2. Work on common goals with others (sherif)
3. Increased social contact

Question 31

What did unruly find (2002)

Answer 31

Ppts with a higher external locus were more prejudiced against homosexuality than those who were internal locus

Question 32

How can we use social psychology to understand genocide?

Answer 32

Deliberately killing people in particular nations or ethnic groups

Question 33

What is the key question?

Answer 33

Why does genocide happen?

Question 34

What is an example of genocide?

Answer 34

The holocaust