Chapter 9 - Tobacco Flashcards
What is the leading preventable cause of death in the US?
Tobacco
When do people begin to get hooked on tobacco?
Adolescence
Which ethnic group is smoking more prevalent?
Whites
What age group is more likely to smoke than the general population? However, who with less than high school education is more likely to smoke?
College students. adult
What are the 3 most harmful substances burned from tobacco leaves?
Tar, carbon monoxide, and nicotine
A thick, sticky residue that coats the smoker’s lungs and allows for the growth of cancerous cells. It is responsible for the changes in the respiratory system including what’s known as a “smoker’s cough”.
tar
Is the same gas emitted from the exhaust pipe of a car. It interferes with the ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen leaving organs like the heart deprived of oxygen. Many of the other gases produced when tobacco burns are carcinogens, irritants, and toxic chemicals that damage the lungs.
Carbon monoxide
The primary additive ingredient in tobacco. It is both a poison (used as a pesticide) and a powerful psychoactive drug. The first time it is used it usually causes dizziness, light-headedness, and nausea. These are all signs of mild nicotine poisoning. These effects diminish with tolerance. It causes lots of stimulant effects like the release of adrenaline and endorphins that block pain and produce mild sensations of pleasure
Nicotine
A broad-leafed plant that grows in tropical and temperate climates. Can be rolled into cigars, shredded for cigarettes, ground into a fine powder for inhalation as snuff, or ground into chewable form.
Tobacco
The most popular tobacco product. Nicotine from this reaches peak concentration in the blood in 10 minutes and is cut in half in 20 mins.
Cigarettes
A battery operated device that provides inhaled nicotine doses by heating the nicotine solution into a vapor to be inhaled. They are reusable and refillable. They produce no tar, burning, real smoke, or air pollution. They are virtually odorless. They have been marketed as safer alternative to traditional cigarettes. However, they still contain carcinogens.
E-cigarettes
Have also become popular especially among college students and young adults also because they are supposed to be safer. Smokers pass the mouthpiece around inhaling a mixture of tobacco, molasses, , and fruit flavors called shisha. It is less irritating to the throat than cigarette smoke, but the World Health Organization (WHO) and the CDC have warned that this actually may be more dangerous than cigarettes.
Hookahs or water pipes
An electronic device that simulates tobacco smoking by heating a liquid to produce an aerosol called vapor. The user then inhales the vapor into the lungs (“vaping”) and exhales it. The vapor is a water vapor, but it is chemically similar to cigarette smoke because it contains nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerin, and flavorings from the heated liquid. It does not smell like cigarette smoke and evaporates into the air in 3 to 4 seconds.
Vaping
Vaping is linked to this which is also known as popcorn lung. Causes damage to the smallest parts of lung cells and is presently not curable. Scar tissue builds up in the small lung cells and eventually makes it difficult to inhale and exhale.
bronchiolitis obliterans
Have more tobacco and nicotine per unit than cigarettes do, take longer to smoke, and generate more smoke than cigarettes do. These smokers typically do not inhale and have lower mortality rates than those who do. Inhalation substantially increases the smoker’s exposure to carcinogenic chemicals and increases the risk for lung cancer and chronic respiratory disease.
Cigars
