Interactions with ecosystems Flashcards

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1
Q

Producer (they convert _____ matter into _____ matter?)

A

An autotroph, capable of converting inorganic matter into organic matter with the assistance of light energy

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2
Q

Chemosynthesizer (convert _____ matter into _____ matter)

A

A form of self feeder (convert inorganic matter into other forms of inorganic matter, extract energy from the chemical bonds) ex: nitrogen fixing bacteria

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3
Q

Consumer

A

Heterotroph, consume autotrophs or heterotrophs for energy.

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4
Q

Primary consumers

A

“herbivores” consume plants

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5
Q

secondary, tertiary and quaternary consumers

A

classified as carnivores as they are consuming meat

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6
Q

Apex predator

A

the final consumer in a chain

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7
Q

Detritivores

A

actually eat up the material

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8
Q

Decomposers

A

more general, breaks down dead material or waste

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9
Q

Trophic level

A

the feeding level where energy and matter is transferred

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10
Q

How is a trophic level identified?

A

by the number of energy transfers that have taken place from the original solar energy entering a system.

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11
Q

Efficiency of energy between trophic levels

A

Only 10% of the energy from the previous trophic level is transferred, which leaves 90% of the energy as waste.

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12
Q

First law of thermodynamics

A

energy cannot be created or destroyed but it can be converted from one form to another

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13
Q

Second law of thermodynamics

A

During an energy conversion, some useful energy is lost as heat (no system is 100% efficient)

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14
Q

Food chains

A

A linear depiction of energy transfer in an ecosystem

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15
Q

Food webs

A

Interactions of several food chains. Shows the diversity of food sources that members of a community may rely on

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16
Q

Potential causes of energy loss

A

organism dies without being eaten, parts of organism are not eaten, parts are not digested, energy is lost as heat through cellular respiration

17
Q

A pyramid of numbers

A

Depicts the number of organisms at one trophic level needed to support the organisms at the next trophic level.

18
Q

A pyramid of biomass

A

Depicts the mass of the organisms at each trophic
level.

19
Q

What is biomass?

A

The dehydrated organic tissue of the organisms at a level

20
Q

A pyramid of energy

A

Depicts the energy of the biomass at each trophic level, calculated with a calorimeter. out of the pyramids, MOST ACCURATELY DEPICTS ENERGY LOSS