Unit 5: Lower Extremity Muscles (Lower Leg and Foot)

Question 1

Action:
-Flex the knee
-Plantar flex the ankle
Origin:
-Condyles of the femur, posterior surfaces
Insertion:
-Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Answer 1

Gastrocnemius

Question 2

Action:
-Plantar flex the ankle
Origin:
-Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia and posterior aspect of head of fibula
Insertion:
-Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Answer 2

soleus

Question 3

Action:
-Weak plantar flexion of the ankle
-Weak flexion of the knee
Origin:
-Lateral supracondylar line of femur
Insertion:
-Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Answer 3

plantaris

Question 4

Action:
-Medially rotate the flexed knee
-Flex the knee
Origin:
-Lateral condyle of femur
Insertion:
-Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia

Answer 4

popliteus

Question 5

Action:
-Evert the foot
Origin:
-Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula
Insertion:
-Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Answer 5

peroneus longus

Question 6

Action:
-Evert the foot
Origin:
-Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula
Insertion:
-Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal

Answer 6

peroneus brevis

Question 7

Action:
-Invert the foot
-Dorsiflex the ankle
Origin:
-Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
Insertion:
-Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal

Answer 7

tibialis anterior

Question 8

Action:
-Extend the second through fifth toes
-Dorsiflex the ankle
-Evert the foot
Origin:
-Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of the fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion:
-Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes

Answer 8

extensor digitorum longus

Question 9

Action:
-Extend the first toe
-Dorsiflex the ankle
-Invert the foot
Origin:
-Middle, anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion:
-Distal phalanx of first toe

Answer 9

extensor hallucis longus

Question 10

Action:
-Invert the foot
-Plantar flex the ankle
Origin:
-Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane
Insertion:
-All five tarsal bones and bases of second through fourth metatarsals

Answer 10

tibialis posterior

Question 11

Action:
-Flex the second through fifth toes
-Weak plantar flexion of ankle
-Invert the foot
Origin:
-Middle, posterior surface of tibia
Insertion:
-Distal Phalanges of second through fifth toes

Answer 11

flexor digitorum longus

Question 12

Action:
-Flex the first toe
-Weak plantar flexion of ankle
-Invert the foot
Origin:
-Middle half of posterior fibula
Insertion:
-Distal phalanx of first toe

Answer 12

flexor hallucis longus