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VSUR 151 > 1st Exam. Part 4. DRUGS used > Flashcards

1st Exam. Part 4. DRUGS used Flashcards

1
Q

continuous use will result in TREMORS

A

Ketamine

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2
Q

_____;______ has fast onset but in cats, it is seldom used because they lack an enzyme for glucuronidation

A

procaine; propofol (parakeets)

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3
Q

avoid these (2) in cats due to their high sensitivity that cause severe excitement, convulsions, and tremors

A
  1. morphine
  2. meperidine
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4
Q

avoid this in horses

A

acetylpromazine

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5
Q

this cause slow recovery for greyhounds

A

thiobarbiturates

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6
Q

diuretic for cerebral edema

A

mannitol

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7
Q

time of administration depends on the route (PO, IM, IV)

A

Prophylactic antibiotics

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8
Q

Give the duration:

Analgesics
PO:
IM:
IV:

A

PO: 3 hrs (not preferred)
IM: 30 minutes
IV: Right before surgery

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9
Q

anesthetic consideration for GERIATRIC patients

A

Xylazine

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10
Q

anesthetic consideration for PREGNANT patients

A

long acting baribiturates
- phenobarbital (Luminal)
- primidone
- mephobarbital (Mebaral)

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11
Q

anesthetic consideration for AVIAN / REPTILES

A

gas anesthesia (ISOFLURANE) – required

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12
Q

sheep & goats are SENSITIVE to

A

Xylazine

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13
Q

(2) reversal drugs

A
  1. yohimbine
  2. atepamezole
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14
Q

replace blood post-operation

A

Albumen (protein)

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15
Q

this type of antibiotics is given for 5- 7 days

A

Systemic antibiotics

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16
Q

to prevent dead space

A

seroma bodily fluids (in dead space)

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17
Q

For superficial wounds only (skin)

A

Chlorhexidine 0.3%

2-5% is for sterilization of instruments (10-12 mins)

18
Q

it could delay wound healing for longer periods of time (7-10 days);

ideal : 5 days

A

Povidone iodine (7.5%)

19
Q

0.5 % Sodium hydrogen chloride
(1:9 bleach/detergent to sodium chloride ratio)

may kill neutrophils

A

Dakin’s solution

20
Q

used as a storage or dilution buffer for RNA and DNA

a useful adjunct in treating equine genital infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

A

Tris EDTA

21
Q

(cytotoxic): used in cases for spore forming bacteria:
1) Clostridium
2) Bacillus

A

Hydrogen peroxide (cytotoxic)

22
Q

active ; used when tetanus toxoid is given prior to procedure (IM)

A

Tetanus toxoid

23
Q

passive ;

often given if the animal did not receive tart us toxoid prior to surgery;

skin test should be performed before injection (IM);

may cause anaphylactic reaction or acute hepatic disease in horses

A

Tetanus serum

24
Q

normal saline solution used for fluid loss

A

crystalloids

25
Q

blood volumizer / expander (ex. albumen protein) used for fluid loss

A

colloids

26
Q

selectively removes non-viable tissues, fine debridement, indicated in patients with increases anesthesia patients

A

Enzymatic (trypsin & chymotrypsin)

27
Q

a passive drainage used as a guide where fluid from dead space would exit

A

Penrose drain

28
Q

antibiotics for control of bacterial growth
- direct application: high level in wounds quickly
- Ineffective when applied 4 hours or more after injury

Not effective against Clostridium sp

A

Topical

29
Q

more water than oil (used for WET wounds)

A

Cream

30
Q

more oil than water (used for drier wound; longer action)

A

Ointment

31
Q

anti-myiasis & anti-septic

a combinex, to prevent fly attraction

A

Diclopenthione

32
Q

provided for patients with KIDNEY problems

A

Doxycycline

33
Q

should not be used in animals with neurogenic signs (NEUROTOXIC)

A

Aminoglycosides

34
Q

should not be given with milk or iron due to possible CHELATION

A

Doxycycline

35
Q

drugs that should not be given together

A

Tetracycline and Penicillin
(bacteriostatic and bactericidal)

36
Q

used for gas sterilization (bactericidal and sporicidal);

Flammable and Expensive

A

Ethylene oxide

37
Q

for cold chemical sterilization (3)

  • Do not dull sharp instruments
  • Effective in smooth and hard surfaces
  • Affected by dilution and ineffective against spores
A
  1. Povidone iodine 3%
  2. Chlorhexidine
  3. Gutaraldehyde
38
Q

most effective in 10 hours but needs to be washed after, else, it could damage tissue

A

Glutaraldehyde

39
Q
  • is applied to sterile gauze pads/instruments
  • applied on surgical sites with “friction”
  • are not wiped off but are allowed to dry
A

Germicide

40
Q

example of germicide mixtures

A

1) Alcohol + Chlorhexidine
2) Alcohol + Povidone Iodine (inactivated by organic material)

VSUR 151 (24 decks)

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