Technological developments to support better health and food production Flashcards

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1
Q

Advantages of Fortification

A
  • increase nutrient content
  • solve nutrient deficiency in the country
  • sell more of a product
  • add to other aspects of the product
  • replace the nutrients lost during the processing of foods
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2
Q

What do additives improve?

A
  • keeping properties
  • flavour
  • colour
  • texture
  • appearance
  • stability
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3
Q

What are the main groups of food additives?

A
  • preservatives
  • antioxidants
  • colours
  • flavouring and flavour enhancers
  • sweeteners
  • emulsifiers and stabilisers
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4
Q

Why are additives used?

A
  • safe for longer
  • more attractive
  • competitive pricing
  • improved nutritional profile
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5
Q

what are the three main types of additives?

A

natural - natural resources
nature identical - made in lab with chemicals
artificial - synthetic compounds do not occur in nature

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6
Q

What are the advantages of using additives?

A
  • wider range of food products
  • improve specific characteristic
  • produce expected quality
  • product range
  • maintain product consistency
  • restore original characteristics
  • prevent food spoilage
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7
Q

What are preservatives?

A

substances that extend the shelf life of a product

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8
Q

What are preservatives found in?

A
  • processed foods
  • cured meats
  • dried fruit
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9
Q

What are the advantages of preservatives?

A
  • extend shelf life, consumers do not constantly need to shop
  • prevent pathogenic growth
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10
Q

What are antioxidants?

A

substances that stop fat from going rancid, stop enzymatic browning

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11
Q

Give some examples of antioxidants

A

Vitamins A C E

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12
Q

What are antioxidants used to do?

A
  • help prevent fat soluble vitamins from combining with oxygen
  • prevent foods from going brown, when exposed to air
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13
Q

What are colourings in manufacturing used for?

A
  • replace colour lost in heat treatment
  • boost colours
  • maintain consistency between batch productions
  • attractive
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14
Q

What are intenser sweeteners?

A
  • 300 times sweeter than sugar, only in small amounts
  • low in energy
  • low calorie drinks and reduced sugar products
  • used for consumers who want to reduce sugar
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15
Q

What are the disadvantages of intense sweeteners?

A
  • lack of bulk that is needed
  • not the same characteristics as sugar
  • bitter aftertaste
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16
Q

What are bulk sweeteners?

A
  • similar to sugar regarding sweetness
  • uses similar amounts as sugar
  • used in sugar-free confectionery
17
Q

What are stabilisers?

A

help prevent the mixture from separating

18
Q

what are examples of foods that contain modified starch?

A

frozen foods
ready meals
microwave meals
sauces
dressings
soups

19
Q

why are gelling agents used?

A
  • to create a smooth, set texture
  • setting meat and fish in savoury jelly
  • stabilisers to stop separation
  • stabiliser to ensure smooth texture
  • give liquid a pliable texture
20
Q

what are functional foods?

A

have health promoting benefits

21
Q

What are probiotic foods?

A

containing naturally occurring live bacteria
helps to strengthen the immune system and healthy digestive system

22
Q

what are prebiotic foods?

A

contain carbohydrates that cannot be broken down in digestive system

23
Q

what are plant sterols and stanols?

A

reduce the absorption of cholesterol from the gut