Technological developments to support better health and food production

Question 1

Advantages of Fortification

Answer 1

• increase nutrient content
• solve nutrient deficiency in the country
• sell more of a product
• add to other aspects of the product
• replace the nutrients lost during the processing of foods

Question 2

What do additives improve?

Answer 2

• keeping properties
• flavour
• colour
• texture
• appearance
• stability

Question 3

What are the main groups of food additives?

Answer 3

• preservatives
• antioxidants
• colours
• flavouring and flavour enhancers
• sweeteners
• emulsifiers and stabilisers

Question 4

Why are additives used?

Answer 4

• safe for longer
• more attractive
• competitive pricing
• improved nutritional profile

Question 5

what are the three main types of additives?

Answer 5

natural - natural resources
nature identical - made in lab with chemicals
artificial - synthetic compounds do not occur in nature

Question 6

What are the advantages of using additives?

Answer 6

• wider range of food products
• improve specific characteristic
• produce expected quality
• product range
• maintain product consistency
• restore original characteristics
• prevent food spoilage

Question 7

What are preservatives?

Answer 7

substances that extend the shelf life of a product

Question 8

What are preservatives found in?

Answer 8

• processed foods
• cured meats
• dried fruit

Question 9

What are the advantages of preservatives?

Answer 9

• extend shelf life, consumers do not constantly need to shop
• prevent pathogenic growth

Question 10

What are antioxidants?

Answer 10

substances that stop fat from going rancid, stop enzymatic browning

Question 11

Give some examples of antioxidants

Answer 11

Vitamins A C E

Question 12

What are antioxidants used to do?

Answer 12

• help prevent fat soluble vitamins from combining with oxygen
• prevent foods from going brown, when exposed to air

Question 13

What are colourings in manufacturing used for?

Answer 13

• replace colour lost in heat treatment
• boost colours
• maintain consistency between batch productions
• attractive

Question 14

What are intenser sweeteners?

Answer 14

• 300 times sweeter than sugar, only in small amounts
• low in energy
• low calorie drinks and reduced sugar products
• used for consumers who want to reduce sugar

Question 15

What are the disadvantages of intense sweeteners?

Answer 15

• lack of bulk that is needed
• not the same characteristics as sugar
• bitter aftertaste

Question 16

What are bulk sweeteners?

Answer 16

• similar to sugar regarding sweetness
• uses similar amounts as sugar
• used in sugar-free confectionery

Question 17

What are stabilisers?

Answer 17

help prevent the mixture from separating

Question 18

what are examples of foods that contain modified starch?

Answer 18

frozen foods
ready meals
microwave meals
sauces
dressings
soups

Question 19

why are gelling agents used?

Answer 19

• to create a smooth, set texture
• setting meat and fish in savoury jelly
• stabilisers to stop separation
• stabiliser to ensure smooth texture
• give liquid a pliable texture

Question 20

what are functional foods?

Answer 20

have health promoting benefits

Question 21

What are probiotic foods?

Answer 21

containing naturally occurring live bacteria
helps to strengthen the immune system and healthy digestive system

Question 22

what are prebiotic foods?

Answer 22

contain carbohydrates that cannot be broken down in digestive system

Question 23

what are plant sterols and stanols?

Answer 23

reduce the absorption of cholesterol from the gut