Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MKSAP 19 > Nephro > Flashcards

Nephro Flashcards

1
Q

Hematuria
Glomerular origin is suggested by

A

Dysmorphic erythrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anion gap is calculated as

A

AG= Na - ( CL + Hco3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Delta-Delta ratio

A

= ( AG - 12 ) / ( 25 - HCO3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Delta- delta ratio interpretation

A

< 1 ; + NAGMA

1-2 ; pure HAGMA

> 2 ; + metabolic alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Osmolar gap formula

A

= measured osmolality - calculated osmolality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Plasma osmolality is calculated by

A

( 2x Na ) + Glucose + urea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

causes of Metabolic alkalosis

A

VALH
1. Vomiting

  1. Antacid use
  2. Loop diuretics
  3. Hyperaldosteronism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

NAGMA causes

A

HARD ASS
1. hyperalimentation ( TPN)

  1. Addison disease
  2. RTA
  3. Diarrhea
  4. Acetazolamide
  5. Spironolactone
  6. Saline infusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

HAGMA causes

A

Renal: uremic acidosis when GFR < 15-20

Extrarenal :
Lactic acidosis
DKA
Starvation ketoacidosis
Alcoholic keto acidosis
Poisoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Treatment of chronic HTN in pregnancy if BP

A

SBP >= 160 or DBP > =110

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Treatment of Lithium induced DI

A

Amiloride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ttt of RTA type 1

A

Potassium citrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ttt of RTA type 2

A

Bicarbonate + - thiazide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ttt of RTA type 4

A

Correct the underlying cause
Thiazide or loop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Causes of Urine Cl< 15

A

Vomiting
Nasogastric suction
Diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Urine cl > 15 + HTN + Hypo K

A

Cushing
1ry hyperaldosteronism

17
Q

Urine cl > 15 + Hypo K without HTN

A

Bartter’s syndrome

Gitelman’s syndrome

18
Q

Correction rate of hyper Na

A

=< 0.5 mmol/hr with goal correction of 10 -12 mmol / day

19
Q

Ttt acute symptomatic isovolemic hypotonic hypo Na

A

100 ml bolus 3% saline to increase S.Na by 2-3 mmol/l

20
Q

Correction Target of chronic symptomatic isovolemic hypotonic hypo Na

A

4-6 mmol /l over 24 hrs

21
Q

Ttt osmotic demyelination syndrome

A

Desmontes sin & iv D5%w

22
Q

Tolvaptan indicated in

A

S.Na < 120
Persistent SIADH that failed to water restriction

23
Q

Tolvaptan contraindicated in

A

Hypovolemic or
Acute symptomatic hypo Na

24
Q

Ttt of struvite stone

A

Treatment of the infection

Urological intervention

25
Q

Ttt of uric acid stones

A

Acetazolamide

Allopurinol

26
Q

Ttt of cystine kidney stones

A

Acetazolamide

Penicillamine

Tiopronin

27
Q

Chronic HTN in pregnancy

A

Before 20 weeks of gestation

28
Q

Gestational HTN

A

After 20 weeks of gestation

29
Q

Treatment of HTN in pregnancy to maintain BP

A

BP < 140/90

30
Q

Anti HTN drugs in pregnancy

A

Methyldopa
Labetalol
CCB

31
Q

Salicylate toxicity treatment

A

Iv NaHco3
Goal of urine PH > 7.5 And Serum PH 7.5 - 7.55 is essential to avoid CNS accumulation of salicylic acid in the brain

32
Q

Ttt of TLS to rapidly reduce serum urate level

A

Rasburicase

MKSAP 19 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions