Ch 13 - Anti-parasitic

Question 1

Antinematodal

Answer 1

Used to treat nematodes (roundworms)

Question 2

The term “ascarids” is also used to describe

Answer 2

Nematodes

Question 3

Subcategory for Antinematodal (BAIT)

Answer 3

1. Benzimidazoles
2. Tetrahydropyrimidines
3. Imidazothiazoles
4. Avermectin

Question 4

Benzimidazoles MOA

Answer 4

Interfere with the worms energy level on a cellular basis. Bind to beta tubulin and prevent its entry into microtubules that are needed for energy metabolism. Without energy, the worm dies

Question 5

Benzimidazoles Use

Answer 5

Dogs: Hookworms, roundworms, and whipworms

Question 6

Benzimidazoles adverse effect

Answer 6

Uncommon but can cause Vomiting/Diarrhea
Teratogenic effect (Bone marrow suppression)
Don’t use in early pregnancy

Question 7

Tetrahydropyrimidines Use

Answer 7

Dogs/Cats: Hookworms, Roundworms
Horse: Ascarids

Question 8

Tetrahydropyrimidines adverse effect

Answer 8

Uncommon but can include increase respiration
profuse sweating
incoordination (axtia)

Question 9

Imidazothiazoles Use

Answer 9

Horses: ascardis, srtongyles
Dogs/Cats: hooks, rounds, whips

Question 10

Imidazothiazoles adverse effect

Answer 10

Transient foaming at the mouth

Question 11

Avermectin MOA

Answer 11

Kill by interfering with nervous system and muscle function, thus breaking down neurotransmission. The drugs binds and activates glutamate-gated chloride channels that are present in neurons and myocytes which results in paralysis and death.

Doesn’t cross the blood brain barrier unless given at high dose

Question 12

Avermectin Use

Answer 12

endoparasites, HW preventative,
HW microfilaricidal (higher dose), ectoparasite, injectable, and oral

Question 13

Avermectin adverse effect

Answer 13

MDR1 defect -Collies / toxicity -
ataxic, progressive depression,
mydriasis, tremors