Neuro Hormonal Influences on the Cardiovascular System

Question 1

What type of sympathetic receptors are on the heart?

Answer 1

Beta-Adrenergic Receptors, located on the SA node and myocardium

Question 2

What Neurotransmitter is released by the SNS?

Answer 2

Norepinephrine

Question 3

How does SNS stimulation affect the heart?

Answer 3

Increases overall heart activity:

• HR (chronotropy)
• Force of Contraction (inotropy)

Question 4

How does SNS stimulation affect the coronary arteries?

Answer 4

Leads to coronary artery dilation

Question 5

Peripheral blood vessels contain what type of receptor?

Answer 5

alpha-adrenergic receptors

Question 6

SNS stimulation to peripheral blood vessels causes?

Answer 6

• Vasoconstriction
• Increased peripheral vascular resistance

Question 7

How might the SNS affect the adrenal medulla?

Answer 7

Secrete the catecholamine epinephrine

Question 8

How does Dopamine and Epinephrine affect CO?

Answer 8

Increases CO

Question 9

What does Atropine affect?

Answer 9

Increases HR in presence of critical bradycardia

Question 10

Which nerve places the primary parasympathetic influence on the heart?

Answer 10

Vagus Nerve

Question 11

Vagus nerve primarily influences what heart rate?

Answer 11

Resting HR

Question 12

What occurs to the heart secondary to Parasympathetic Stimulation?

Answer 12

• Decreased HR
• Decreased Force of Contraction
• Decrease AV node conduction speed

Question 13

Impact of direct parasympathetic influence on blood vessels?

Answer 13

Vasodilatory effects to:

• Bowel
• Bladder
• Genitals

Question 14

Patient with a heart transplant are reliant on what for sympathetic influence

Answer 14

Dependent on catecholamine stimulation on beta-adrenergic receptors

Question 15

Patients with heart transplant will present with what HR at rest?

Answer 15

Elevated resting HR, to achieve normal CO