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A&P 1 > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Connective tissue surrounding each individual skeletal muscle fiber is called ___________.

A

Endomysium

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2
Q

Connective tissue surrounding each fascicle (bundle of muscle fibers) is called ___________.

A

Perimysium

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3
Q

Connective tissue surrounding all the fascicles in a skeletal muscle is called _________.

A

Epimysium

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4
Q

A bundle of muscle fibers is called a ________.

A

Fascicle

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5
Q

Interconnected connective tissue that connects muscle to bone is called ___________.

A

Tendon

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6
Q

The fascicle pattern that is evenly spaced and about the same width as the muscle is called ________.

A

Parallel

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7
Q

The fascicle pattern that is broad at one end and tapers to a single tendon is called ________.

A

Convergent

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8
Q

The fascicle pattern that resembles a feather is called ___________.

A

Pennate

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9
Q

The fascicle pattern that encircles a structure (i.e. opening of the eye) is called __________.

A

Circular

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10
Q

The fascicle pattern that is thicker in the middle and tapered at both ends is called ________.

A

Fusiform

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11
Q

The muscle action that pulls away from the midline is called ________.

A

Abductor

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12
Q

The muscle action that pulls toward the midline is called _________.

A

Adductor

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13
Q

The muscle action that pulls down is called ________.

A

Depressor

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14
Q

The muscle action that holds straight or erect is called _________.

A

Erector

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15
Q

The muscle action that increases the angle between bones is called ________.

A

Extensor

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16
Q

The muscle action that decreases the angle between bones is called ________.

A

Flexor

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17
Q

The muscle action that raises a body part is called ________.

A

Levator

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18
Q

The muscle action that turns palms posteriorly is called _________.

A

Pronator

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19
Q

The muscle action that turns to palms anteriorly is called ________.

A

Supinator

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20
Q

The body region associated with the term “abdominus” is the _______.

A

Abdominal area

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21
Q

The body region associated with the term “brachii” is the _______.

A

Arm area

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22
Q

The body region associated with the term “capitis” is the _______.

A

Head area

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23
Q

The body region associated with the term “carpi” is the _______.

A

Wrist area

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24
Q

The body region associated with the term “cervicis” is the _______.

A

Neck area

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25
Q

The body region associated with the term “digitorum/digitis” is the _______.

A

Fingers/toes

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26
Q

The body region associated with the term “femoris” is the _______.

A

Femur or thigh

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27
Q

The body region associated with the term “gluteal” is the _______.

A

Buttocks

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28
Q

The body region associated with the term “oculi” is the _______.

A

Eyes

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29
Q

The body region associated with the term “oris” is the _______.

A

Mouth

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30
Q

The body region associated with the term “pectoralis” is the _______.

A

Chest area

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31
Q

In a group of muscles, the one that provides most of the force required for movement is called the _______.

A

Agonist or Prime Mover

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32
Q

In a group of muscles, the one that tends to oppose and slow the action is called the _______.

A

Antagonist

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33
Q

Muscles that work together with the agonist are called _________.

A

Synergists

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34
Q

Muscles that hold a bone in place, make movement more efficient, and reduce risk of injury are called ______.

A

Fixators

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35
Q

The part of a muscle that is fixed and attached is called the ________.

A

Origin

36
Q

The moveable end of a muscle attachment is called the _______.

A

Insertion

37
Q

The 4 parts of a muscle lever system are _______.

A

(1) the lever, (2) the load, (3) the force, and (4) the fulcrum

38
Q

The type of muscle lever system in which the load is on one side, the fulcrum is in the middle, and the force is applied on the opposite side of the load is called _______. (Example: see-saw)

A

First-class lever

39
Q

The type of muscle lever system in which the fulcrum is located on one end, the load is moved in the middle, and the force is applied to the other end of the lever is called _______. (Example: dolly cart)

A

Second-class lever

40
Q

The most common type of muscle lever system, in which the fulcrum is on one end of the lever, the force is in the middle, and the load is on the opposite end, is called ______. (Example: tongs)

A

Third-class lever

41
Q

The muscle that raises the head from a bowed position is the ______.

A

Trapezius

42
Q

The only eye muscle to originate from the anterior orbit is the _______.

A

Inferior Oblique

43
Q

The eye muscle that is controlled by the trochlear nerve is the ________.

A

Superior Oblique

44
Q

The largest and most powerful muscle of the erector spinaes is the ________.

A

Longissimus Thoracis

45
Q

The two muscles used to masticate/chew are _________.

A

Masseter and Temporalis

46
Q

The pattern of fascicles leads to ________.

A

The appearance and function of a muscle

47
Q

The only eye muscle that does medial rotation is the ________.

A

Medial Rectus

48
Q

The group of muscles that control tongue movement are the _________.

A

Glossus Muscles

49
Q

The facial muscle that inserts at the skin of the chin is the ________.

A

Mentalis

50
Q

The muscle that is used to whistle is the ________.

A

Buccinator

51
Q

The muscle used to open the mouth by depressing the mandible (jaw-dropping) is the _______.

A

Platysma

52
Q

The muscle used to open the eye / acts as the antagonist to the Orbicularis Oculi is the ________.

A

Levator Palpebrae Superioris

53
Q

The muscle that attaches to the clavicle, sternum, and temporal muscles is the ________.

A

Sternocleidomastoid

54
Q

The muscle the does not depress the hyoid is the ________.

A

Mylohyoid

55
Q

The muscle whose only job is to compress the abdominal cavity is the _______.

A

Transversus Abdominus

56
Q

The muscle that acts as the agonist in arm flexion is the _______.

A

Pectoralis Major

57
Q

The muscle that extends the index finger is the _______.

A

Extensor Indicis

58
Q

The line of connective tissue that runs down the midline of the abdominal muscles is the ________.

A

Linea Alba

59
Q

The main muscle of inspiration is the _______.

A

Diaphragm

60
Q

The large, triangular muscle that has three sections, all with different origins and insertions, is the _______.

A

Trapezius

61
Q

The prime mover / agonist in elbow flexion is the _________.

A

Brachialis

62
Q

This muscle has 4 actions: flexion, abduction, and lateral rotation of the thigh, and flexion of the leg.

A

Sartorius

63
Q

These two muscles plantarflex the foot at the ankle when climbing stairs.

A

Gastrocnemius and Soleus

64
Q

These two muscles make up the “calf” and converge to form the Achilles tendon.

A

Gastrocnemius and Soleus

65
Q

The two gluteal muscles that are primarily used when walking are the _______.

A

Gluteus Medius and Gluteus Minimus

66
Q

The muscle used to curl the toes is the _______.

A

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

67
Q

The Vastus muscles (Quadriceps group) insert on the (1)_______ and (2)_________.

A

Patella and Tibial Tuberosity

68
Q

The antagonist to the Gastrocnemius is the _______.

A

Tibialis Anterior

69
Q

The two main muscles used in dorsiflexion of the foot are _______.

A

Tibialis Anterior and Extensor Digitorum Longus

70
Q

The muscle that both flexes and extends the toes is the _______.

A

Lumbrical

71
Q

The muscle that is inner aged by the sciatic nerve is the _______.

A

Semimembranosus

72
Q

The muscle that extends the knee is the _______.

A

Rectus Femoris

73
Q

The muscle that flexes both the thigh and vertebral column is the ________.

A

Psoas Major

74
Q

The muscle that flexes the forearm when walking up stairs is the ______.

A

Brachioradialis

75
Q

The muscle that consists of two bellies is the _______.

A

Digastric

76
Q

The muscle that elevates the scapula is the _______.

A

Levator Scapulae

77
Q

The 11 pairs of muscles that elevate the rib cage and cause inhalation are the ________.

A

External Intercostals

78
Q

The 11 pairs of muscles that depress the rib cage and cause exhalation are the ________.

A

Internal Intercostals

79
Q

The muscles used to smile are the _______.

A

Zygomaticus Major and Minor

80
Q

The muscle that raises the eyebrows is the _______.

A

Frontalis

81
Q

The muscle that closes the lips is called the _______.

A

Orbicularis Oris

82
Q

The 4 muscles that make up the Quadriceps are ________.

A

Rectus Femoris, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermediate, and Vastus Lateralis

(Vastus Intermediate is deep to the Rectus Femoris and therefore not visible from anterior view)

83
Q

The 3 muscles that make up the Hamstrings are _______.

A

Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, and Semimembranosus

84
Q

The thigh muscles visible from a posterior view (medial to lateral) are:

A

Gracilis, Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus, Biceps Femoris

85
Q

The butt muscles are _____.

A

Gluteus Maximus and Gluteus Medius

86
Q

The thigh muscles visible from an anterior view (medial to lateral) are:

A

Sartorius, Vastus Medialis, Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Tensor Fasciae Latae (hip flexor)

A&P 1 (10 decks)

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