PFTs

Question 1

examples of obstructive lung disease

Answer 1

COPD
asthma
bronchiectasis
cystic fibrosis

Question 2

restrictive lung disease

Answer 2

ILD (pulm fibrosis, sarcoidosis)
chest wall pathology (kyphosis, scoliosis)
obesity
neuromuscular disease (ALS, muscular dystrophy)

Question 3

pulmonary vascular disease

Answer 3

primary PH
chronic thromboembolic disease

Question 4

3 categories of PFTs

Answer 4

obstructive
restrictive
pulmonary vascular disease

Question 5

PFTs tell us about

Answer 5

airways
parenchyma
pulmonary vasculature
pump mechanism (diaphragm, chest wall)
neural control of ventilation

Question 6

standard PFT tests

Answer 6

spirometry –>obstructive
lung volumes –>restrictive
diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO)–>vascular

Question 7

inspiratory capacity

Answer 7

inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume

Question 8

function reserve capacity

Answer 8

expiratory reserve volume + residual volume

Question 9

vital capacity

Answer 9

inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume

Question 10

total lung capacity

Answer 10

inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume + residual volume

Question 11

major spirometry values

Answer 11

FEV1
FVC
FEV1/FVC ration
flow volume loop

Question 12

FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio interpretation

Answer 12

obstructive - FEV1 norm/dec, FVC norm/dec, FEV1/FVC dec (<70%)

restrictive - FEV1 norm/dec, FVC dec, FEV1/FVC norm/inc (>70)