Unit 8 - Lifecycle nutrition Flashcards
What are the 9 health habits a person should do to prepare for a healthy pregnancy?
1.prenatal vitamin and mineral supplement (folate)
2.healthy weight
3. Full nutrient stores
4. sound eating habits - 5.nutrient-dense foods
6. physically active
7. Receive regular medical care
8. Avoid harmful influences - smokes, alcohol, drugs, 9.environmental contaminants
What are the risks of being underweight while preggers?
1.risk of low-birthweight infant
2. can contract disease
3. 40 times more likely to die in first month of life
4. permanent adaptations such as obesity, heart disease, HTN more likely later in life
5. Nutrient deficiency + low birth weight
the underlying cause of more than half of all deaths world wide of kids under age 5
What are the risks of being overweight while preggers?
1.large infants >9lbs
2.difficult labour and delivery, birth trauma and C-section
3. risk of poor health and death
4. gestational diabetes (mom)
5. HTN (mom)
6. complications during and infections and hemorrhage after birth (mom)
7. infant heart defects and other abnormalities
8. child has risk of obesity, heart disease, DM2, asthma throughout life
What 6 nutrients are important during pregnancy?
- Folate - neural tube-Spina bifida (spine unprotected) / anencephaly (no brain)
- vitamin B12 - deficiency = irreversible nervous system damage
- Vitamin D - calcium metabolism
- Calcium - bones and teeth
- Iron - lots is needed
- Zinc - deficiency = growth and development issues
Common nutrition related concerns during pregnancy
- food cravings/aversions
- morning sickness
- heartburn
- Constipation
Disease health concerns during pregnancy
- Pre-existing diabetes
- Gestational diabetes
- Hypertension
- preclamsia - HTN + protein in urine
Extra cals needed for second trimester ?
340 cals
Extra cals needed for third trimester ?
450 cals
What should preggers people not take iron with and why ?
Milk
coffee
tea
b/c inhibits absorption
Weight gain recommendations for preggers peeps
obese- 11-20 lbs
overweight - 15-25lbs
healthy weight 25-35 lbs
3.5 lb first trimester
1lb/week after that
What is the leading cause of indicated preterm delivery and why?
preeclampsia
- multi systemic syndrome with placental stress
- inflammation and metabolic dysfunction
What are the symptoms/signs of Preeclampsia?
- HTN
- Protein in Urine
- Upper abdominal pain
- Severe headache
- Swelling of hands and feet
- vomiting
- Blurred vision
- Sudden weight gain (1lb/day)
Leads to seizures = ECLAMPSIA = death
Why is smoking bad during pregnancy?
low birth weight - smoking is greatest effect on this
complicated birth
risk of SIDS
No nicotine is safe
Why are medicinal drugs and herbal supplements bad?
serious birth defects
Why are street drugs bad during preggers?
cross placenta and impair fetal growth and development
preterm birth
low infant birth weight
SIDS
CNS damage - short and long term effects
- withdrawl, hypersensitive, underaroused .
- delays growth all through childhood and teen years
