Week 3 - Software Distribution Flashcards
What are executable files?
.exe files contain instructions for the computer to run once executed
What does PE mean?
Portable executable
(Microsoft’s special implementation of EXE)
What does MSI files stand for?
Microsoft Install Package
What do MSI files do?
MSI files guide the Windows Installer in the installation, maintenance, and removal of a program
What are 2 ways an .exe file is used?
- starting point to bootstrap Windows installer
- contain all instructions needed to be used as a custom installer (no MSI file or Windows Installer used)
What are the differences in using an MSI file/Windows Installer and a custom installer for an executable program?
Customer installer = more control over Window’s actions when installing
MSI file/W Installer = Simpler setup, most taken care of for you, but only able to install it a certain way
What are 2 ways to install an .exe from the command line? Both
- change into the directory with the file
- type in its name
or
- type in the absolute path from wherever you are in the file system
How do you see sub-commands a package might have?
/?
In Windows, what is software usually packaged as?
an .exe file
What 4 types of things does the MSI file installation package contain?
- installation database
- summary info
- data streams for each part of the installation
- maybe internal/external source files needed for installation
What are the 7 commands for self-extracting executables?
- /extract:[path] extracts the content of package to the path folder. If no path provided, Browse box appears
- /log:[path to log file] enables verbose logging (more detailed info recorded in log file) for the update installation
- /lang:lcid sets user interface to specified locale when multiple locales are in the package
- /quiet runs package in silent mode
- /passive runs update without any interaction from user
- /norestart prevents prompting user when a restart is needed
- /forcerestart forces a restart of the computer as soon as the update is finished
What is MakeAppx.exe?
a program/tool that:
1. creates an app package from files on a disk
2. extracts files from an app package to a disk
What is the Microsoft store? How is software installed through here updated?
contains apps and programs that are curated for content and certified for compatibility
software installed through here are updated automatically
What’s the file extension for a portable executable file (PE)?
.exe
What’s the software package used for Linux?
.RPM
What does .RPM stand for?
. (Red Hat Manager)
What software distribution type does Ubuntu use?
.deb (Debian)
How to install a debian package?
sudo dpkg -i filepath
-i for install
How to remove a program from Ubuntu?
sudo dpkg -r programname
How to list debian packages installed on machine
dpkg -l
- -l for list
Search for a program you installed ubuntu? 2 ways
dpkg -l | grep packagename
or
dpkg -s packagename
How do you define an app store?
a central managed marketplace where app developers publish and sell mobile apps
between an app store app and app store service, which is the repository and which is the package manager?
app store app is the package manager
app store service is the respository
Mobile OS only trusts code for an app that’s been ____? By who?
signed by a publisher/developer it recognizes
What happens if someone changes the code to an app? What does the OS know about it?
it becomes invalid, OS knows it’s tampered
What allows an organization to distribute custom mobile apps?
enterprise app management
how are enterprise apps signed?
with an enterprise certificate that needs to be trusted by the devices installing it
what does MDM stand for? What is it?
Mobile Device Management
what an IT support specialist would use to help manage enterprise app installation
What is side-loading?
you install apps directly without using a mobile app store
How do you reset a mobile app to how it was when it was first installed?
delete or clear the cache
(each app has its own storage location/cache)
What is an archive? w
An archive is multiple files that are compressed (unless .tar) and combined into a single file
What is a package archive? w
A package archive are all the core software files compressed into a single file
What is ‘installing from source’ referring to? windows. Installing what?
When installing software from a source archive
What’s an example of an archive type?
.zip
.rar
.tar
What is 7 Zip?
Windows and Linux tool that can extract/un-extract (archiving/un-archiving) compressed files
Command to compress files Windows
Compress-Archive -Path C:\Users\cindy\Desktop\CoolFiles\ ~\Desktop\CoolArchive.zip
Extract file using 7 Zip
7z e filepath
- she said to use e as a flag but there’s no -e
To create an archive with 7zip
linux
7z a archivename.7z filetoarchive
To see a list of files in a 7z archive
l
7z l archivename.7z
To compress all files in directory using 7zip
l
7z a test *
How to compress certain files in a directory with 7zip
l
7z a my_archive2.zip file1 file2
What is an archive?
a single file that contains any number of individual files and information on how to restore them to their original form by an extraction program
What are archives useful for?
archives are useful for distributing package/program files, transmitting data, and storing files
What are archives created with tar called?
tarballs
Does tar compress files?
No
Unlike many commands, tar requires the use of at least one ____?
option
What options are used to create tar files?
-c and -f
the -f must always be the final option
Is the .tar extension necessary?
No but it’s helpful to label the tar files to organize them and know what they are
For .tar files, what option MUST be the final option to prevent system confusion?
-f
(it tells the system what the file name will be and it gets confused if it’s behind other options)
What steps should be taken before unpacking tar files onto a computer?
- Make sure that there’s enough space on the HDD
- Make sure you’re in an empty directory to avoid extracted files from overwriting files
- If the file was compressed, you must decompress it with a decompression program