Comprehensive—Organisms Flashcards

1
Q

Abiotrophia requirements

A

pyridoxal (vitamin B6)

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2
Q

Abiotrophia rxns

A

SBA ng
Saur satellite +
E/P/L =/+/+
BE/salt =/=

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3
Q

no valid method for susceptibility testing (5)

A

Abiotrophia
Aerococcus
Micrococcus luteus
P. fluorescens
S. saprophyticus

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4
Q

“nutritionally variant strep”

A

Abiotrophia

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5
Q

A. baumannii disease

A

nosocomial
immunocompromised hospitalized pts
after natural disasters

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6
Q

A. baumannii morph

A

Gamma
smooth
gray
wet

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7
Q

A. baumannii rxns

A

MAC oxidizer
oxidase =
OF G/L/M +/+/+
motility =
nitrate =
ALO =/=/=

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8
Q

A. baumannii SP

A

MDR

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9
Q

A. baumannii nicknames

A

great impersonator
GN MRSA
Iraqibacter

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10
Q

A. israelii GS

A

GPR
filamentous
branching

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11
Q

A. israelii rxns

A

catalase =

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12
Q

Aerococcus Gs

A

GPCCL/tetrads

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13
Q

Aerococcus morph

A

Alpha
gray

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14
Q

Aerococcus rxns

A

catalse =/wk+
BE/salt V/+

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15
Q

Aerococcus SP

A

susceptible to penicillin and vancomycin
no valid method for susceptibility testing

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16
Q

A. hydrophila sites

A

water
marine animals
leeches

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17
Q

A. hydrophila morph

A

Beta
medium
smooth
gray

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18
Q

A. hydrophila rxns

A

oxidase +
glucose ferm +
indole +
Dnase +
gelatinase +

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19
Q

A. actinomycetemcomitans morph

A

star shape after 5-6 days

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20
Q

A. aphrophilus diseases

A

endocarditis
head/neck infections
those with oral piercings

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21
Q

A. aphrophilus morph

A

faint yellow
round
smooth
grade school paste odor

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22
Q

A. aphrophilus requirement

A

5-10% CO2
factor X on initial isolation

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23
Q

A. aphrophilus rxns

A

SBA growth
Quad: X+ V+ XV+ HBA=

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24
Q

A. haemolyticum rxns

A

catalase =
EPL =/=/=
motility =

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25
Q

B. anthracis diseases

A

cutaneous anthrax (eschar)
pulmonary anthrax ☠️
intestinal anthrax (rare)

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26
Q

B. anthracis morph

A

Gamma (diff. from Bacillus spp.)
white, ground glass
medusa
tenacious

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27
Q

B. anthracis rxns

A

catalase =
motility =
PEA ng

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28
Q

B. cereus disease

A

food poisoning
eye infection due to trauma
burn wounds

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29
Q

B. cereus morph

A

Beta
large
green, blue
feathered edges

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30
Q

B. cereus rxns

A

catalase +
motility +

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31
Q

cat scratch fever

A

Bartonella henselae

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32
Q

B. pertussis agars

A

Bordet-Gengou agar
Reagan-Lowe agar

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33
Q

Borrelia stain

A

Giemsa stain

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34
Q

Brucella diseases

A

undulant fever
systemic disease

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35
Q

Brucella rxns

A

catalse +
oxidase +
urease +

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36
Q

B. cepacia morph

A

yellow
dirt odor

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37
Q

B. cepacia rxns

A

MAC oxidizer
BC agar +
motility +
lysine +

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38
Q

B. cepacia SP

A

SXT drug of choice

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39
Q

B. mallei disease

A

glanders

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40
Q

B. mallei rxns

A

oxidase +
motility =

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41
Q

B. pseudomallei disease

A

melioidosis

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42
Q

B. pseudomallei morph

A

cream/tan
wrinkled

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43
Q

B. pseudomallei rxns

A

MAC oxidizer
OF GLM +/+/+

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44
Q

Vietnamese time bomb

A

B. pseudomallei

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45
Q

C. jejuni source

A

poultry
other farm animals

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46
Q

pre-Guillain Barre

A

C. jejuni

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47
Q

C. jejuni morph

A

wet; flat; tan/pink;
irregular
follow streak line

(campy bap)

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48
Q

C. jejuni requirements

A

5% O2
10% CO2
42°

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49
Q

C. jejuni rxns

A

catalase +
oxidase +
sodium hippurate +
urease =

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50
Q

C. canimorsus GS

A

GNR
fusiform; toothpick

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51
Q

C. canimorsus morph

A

yellow, tan, pink
moist
fingerlike projections

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52
Q

gliding motility

A

C. canimorsus

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53
Q

C. hominis GS

A

GVR
teardrop; dumbbell;
lollipop
picket fence

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54
Q

C. violaceum morph

A

black/purple
ammonium cyanide odor

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55
Q

C. freundii rxns

A

LF
VP =
PAD =
H2S +
Lysine =
ONPG +

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56
Q

C. koseri rxns

A

LLF
VP =
PAD =
H2S =
Motility +
Citrate +
Indole +

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57
Q

diphtheroid GS

A

GPR
club-shape
V/L formation
palisades

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58
Q

C. diphtheriae morph

A

Beta +/=
ppt/small
gray/white

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59
Q

C. diphtheria rxns

A

Cysteine-tellurite agar: black with brown halo (tellurite reductase)
catalase +
motility =

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60
Q

C. jeikium rxns

A

catalase +
glucose ferm +
motility =
urease =

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61
Q

Cjei + Cure SP

A

MDR
susceptible to vancomycin

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62
Q

C. urealyticum rxns

A

catalase +
glucose ferm =
motility =
urease +

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63
Q

C. sakazakii rxns

A

LF
VP =
PAD =
H2S =
Motility =
Citrate +
Indole =

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64
Q

E. corrodens morph

A

small, gray
lemon yellow
pits agar in CO2
bleach odor

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65
Q

E. meningosepitca morph

A

yellow

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66
Q

E. meningoseptica rxns

A

oxidase +
indole +
motility =
ALO =/=/=

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67
Q

E. meningoseptica SP

A

sensitive to GP antibiotics (vanc, SXT, BLs, etc)

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68
Q

E. aerogenes rxns

A

LF
VP +
Motility +
ALO =/+/+
DNase =

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69
Q

E. cloacae rxns

A

LF
VP +
Motility +
ALO +/=/+

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70
Q

E. faecalis SP

A

make up 10% VRE (vanB)
screen for HLAR
screen for B-lactamase

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71
Q

E. faecium SP

A

make up 90% VRE (vanA, vanB)
screen for HLAR
screen for B-lactamase

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72
Q

E. rhusiopathiae morph

A

Alpha weak
small
gray

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73
Q

E. rhusiopathiae rxns

A

catalase =
H2S + thin line (diff. from Saga)

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74
Q

E. rhusiopathiae SP

A

intrinsically resistant to vancomycin

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75
Q

E. coli morph

A

Beta
large
gray
wet
musty odor

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76
Q

E. coli rxns

A

dark dry LF
VP =
PAD =
H2S =
Motility +
Citrate =
SMAC nsf (O157:H7)

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77
Q

F. tularensis requirements

A

cysteine

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78
Q

H. ducreyi requirements

A

5-7% CO2
up to 10 days
factor X

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79
Q

H. ducreyi rxns

A

SBA ng
Quad: X+ V= XV+ HBA=

80
Q

H. ducreyi grown on…

A

grown on Mueller-Hinton based CHOC with vancomycin

81
Q

general Haem requirement

A

3-5% CO2

82
Q

H. haemolyticus rxns

A

SBA ng
Quad: X= V= XV+ HBA+
ALA =

83
Q

H. influenzae disease

A

meningitis (<6 yo)
sinusitis
otitis media
pneumonia
bronchitis
epiglottitis
conjunctivitis
periorbital cellulitis
systemic infection

Brazillian purpuric fever (H. aegyptius)

84
Q

H. influenzae rxns

A

SBA ng
Quad: X= V= XV+ HBA=
ALA =
Saur satellite +

85
Q

H. influenzae SP

A

B-lactamase +
chloramphenicol acetyltransferase +/=

86
Q

H. parahaemolyticus rxns

A

SBA ng
Quad: X= V+ XV+ HBA+
ALA +

87
Q

H. parainfluenzae rxns

A

SBA ng
Quad: X= V+ XV+ HBA=
ALA +

88
Q

H. pylori rxns

A

CLO test + (urease on biopsy)
catalase +
oxidase +

89
Q

H. pylori SP

A

requires triple drug therapy

90
Q

K. kingae diseases

A

osteomyelitis in children
endocarditis

91
Q

K. kingae morph

A

Beta soft
fried egg
pits agar

92
Q

HACEK

A

Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, and Kingella

93
Q

K. oxytoca rxns

A

LF
VP +
Motility =
Indole +

94
Q

Klebsiella Sp

A

ESBL
carbapenemase

95
Q

K. pneumoniae rxns

A

LF
VP +
Motility =
Indole =

96
Q

L. pneumophila requirements

A

L-cysteine
iron salts
CO2
humidity

97
Q

L. pneumophila detection

A

BCYE agar
DFA stain
urinary antigens

98
Q

Leuconostoc diseases

A

infects those with invasive GI procedures
those on vancomycin

99
Q

Leuconostoc rxns

A

catalase =
E/P/L V/=/=
BE/salt V/+

100
Q

L. monocytogenes disease

A

neonates
cancer patients on chemo
meningoencephalitis
spontaneous abortion

101
Q

L. monocytogenes morph

A

Beta soft
gray
small

102
Q

L. monocytogenes rxns

A

catalase + (diff. from Saga)
motility 25° + (diff. from Saga)
BE/salt +/+ (diff. from Saga)
esculin +
sodium hippurate +

103
Q

L. monocytogenes SP

A

falsely susceptible to cephalosporins
no resistance to date

104
Q

M. luteus GS

A

GPC
tetrads, pairs, irregular clusters

105
Q

M. luteus morph

A

pigmented (rose, orange, yellow, green)

106
Q

M. luteus rxns

A

catalase +
Staph latex +
microdase + (diff. from Staph)

107
Q

M. catarrhalis diseases

A

otitis media
bronchitis
pneumonia
acute maxillary sinusitis

108
Q

M. catarrhalis morph

A

large
gray-white
hockey puck

109
Q

M. catarrhalis rxns

A

oxidase +
CTA: G/M/L/S =/=/=/= (asaccharolytic)
butyrate esterate + (diff. from Neis)
DNase + (diff. from Neis)
TM growth

110
Q

M. osloensis rxns

A

oxidase +
OF GLM =/=/=
ALO =/=/=

111
Q

M. osloensis SP

A

B-lactamase =

112
Q

M. morganii rxns

A

NLF
VP =
PAD +
H2S =
Citrate =

113
Q

N. cinerea disease

A

proctitis

114
Q

other Neisseria morph

A

yellow/xanthochromic

115
Q

N. cinerea rxns

A

oxidase +
CTA: G/M/L/S =/=/=/= (asaccharolytic)
ng on TM after subculture

116
Q

N. gonorrhoeae diseases

A

gonorrhoea
petechiae
septic arthritis
ophthalmia neonatorum
pelvic inflammatory disease
proctitis
pharyngitis
tonsillitis

117
Q

Neisseria virulence factors

A

LOS
some capsule

118
Q

Ngon morph

A

CHOC: medium, opaque, gray/tan, glistening, mucoid +/=, size variation
SBA: ppt or ng

119
Q

Ngon SP

A

B-lactamase +
cephalosporin resistant
ceftriaxone susceptible (single dose)

120
Q

N. lactamica rxns

A

oxidase +
CTA: G/M/L/S +/+/+/=

121
Q

N. meningitidis diseases

A

meningitis
meningococcemia
waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome
3mo - 1 year
college students/military

122
Q

bleb release

A

N. meningitidis

123
Q

Nmen morph

A

SBA: Gamma, blue-gray
CHOC: gray, medium, moist, glistening

124
Q

Nmen serotypes

A

A, B, C, X, Y and W135 serotypes
serotype B not immunogenic

125
Q

N. sicca morph

A

yellow/xanthochromic
dry, wrinkled
adherent

126
Q

P. agglomerans morph

A

yellow

127
Q

P. agglomerans rxns

A

LLF
VP +
Motility +
ALO =/=/=

128
Q

P. multocida rxns

A

catalase +
oxidase +
indole +
motility =

129
Q

Pediococcus diseases

A

infects those on vancomycin
those with GI abnormalities/surgeries
abscesses
bacteremia
meningitis

130
Q

Pediococcus rxns

A

catalase =
E/P/L +/=/+ (diff. from Ecoc)
BE/salt +/+ (diff. from Sgal)

131
Q

Pediococcus SP

A

intrinsically resistant to vancomycin

132
Q

P. shigelloides source

A

contaminated water
fish/reptiles

133
Q

P. shigelloides rxns

A

NLF
oxidase + (diff. from other Enterics)
arginine + (diff. from Vibrio)
Dnase =
gelatinase =

134
Q

P. mirabilis rxns

A

LF
VP =
PAD +
H2S +
Indole =
urease rapid +

135
Q

P. vulgaris rxns

A

LF
VP =
PAD +
H2S +
Indole +
urease rapid +

136
Q

P. rettgeri rxns

A

LF
VP =
PAD +
H2S =
Citrate +
Urease +

137
Q

P. stuartii rxns

A

LF
VP =
PAD +
H2S =
Citrate +
Urease =

138
Q

P. aeruginosa diseases

A

cystic fibrosis
burns
wound infections
swimmer’s ear
osteomyelitis in children, commonly heel
fingernail bed infections

139
Q

Paer virulence factors

A

alginate polysaccharide capsule
pyocyanin

140
Q

Paer morph

A

Beta
mucoid +/=
pigmented
scaled
grape odor

141
Q

Paer rxns

A

42° growth +
4° growth =
oxidase +
motility +

142
Q

P. fluorescens diseases

A

transfusion associated septicemia

143
Q

P. fluorescens rxns

A

42° growth =
4° growth +
oxidase +
motility +

144
Q

P. stutzeri morph

A

yellow
dry/wrinkled

145
Q

P. stutzeri rxns

A

oxidase +
motility +
ALO =/=/=

146
Q

R. mucilaginosa morph

A

Gamma
white
sticky

147
Q

R. mucilaginosa rxns

A

catalase =/wk+ (diff. from Staph)
5% salt = (diff. from Staph)

148
Q

S. enterica typhi rxns

A

NLF
VP =
PAD =
H2S + (mustache)
Lysine +
ONPG =

149
Q

S. marcescens rxns

A

LLF
VP +
Motility +
ALO =/+/+
DNase, gelatinase, lipase +

150
Q

S. marcescens SP

A

very MDR

151
Q

S. putrifaciens source

A

seawater

152
Q

S. putrifaciens morph

A

orange/tan
mucoid
fishlike odor

153
Q

S. putrifaciens rxns

A

NLF
oxidase +
H2S + thin line
motility +
ornithine +

154
Q

Shigella rxns

A

NLF
VP =
PAD =
H2S =
Motility =
ONPG =

155
Q

Shigella serotypes

A

A: S. dysenteriae
B: S. flexneri
C: S. boydii
D: S. sonnei

156
Q

SNA rxns

A

catalase +
coagulase =
Staph latex =
MSA growth/yellow +/=

157
Q

Saur disease

A

folliculitis
boil, stye, faruncle, carbuncle
osteomyelitis
impetigo
TSS
wound infection
septicemia
endocarditis
scalded skin syndrome
food poisoning

158
Q

Saur virulence factors

A

protein A
hyaluronidase, fibrinolysin
coagulase
DNase
lipase
capsule (MRSA, f= Staph latex)
superantigens
TSST
exfoliatins
enterotoxin
panton-valentine leukocidin (CA-MRSA)
staphylokinase (f= coagulase)

159
Q

Saur rxns

A

catalase +
coagulase +
Staph latex +
MSA growth/yellow +/+
PYR =
Spectra agar + (MRSA)

160
Q

Saur SP

A

B-lactamase +
test for oxacillin (cefoxitin) resistance—MRSA; mecA → PBP2a
test for vancomycin resistance—VRSA
test for inducible clindamycin resistance

161
Q

S. intermedius morph

A

Beta (+/=) double zone
white

162
Q

S. intermedius rxns

A

catalase +
tube coagulase +
PYR +
Spectra agar f+

163
Q

S. lugdenensis diseases

A

aggressive, destructive skin/soft tissue disease

164
Q

S. lugdenensis morph

A

Beta narrow
opaque white to yellow
variation of colonies
bleach odor

165
Q

S. lugdenensis rxns

A

catalase +
slide coagulase +
PYR +

166
Q

S. lugdenensis SP

A

pan-sensitive
usually B-lactamase =

167
Q

S. saprophyticus rxns

A

catalase +
coagulase =
Staph latex wk+
novobiocin R (<12mm; diff. from other Staph)

168
Q

S. maltophilia morph

A

yellow
ammonia odor

169
Q

S. maltophilia rxns

A

NLF
oxidase =
DNase +
OF GLM +/=/+
motility +
lysine +

170
Q

S. maltophilia SP

A

intrinsically MDR
SXT drug of choice

171
Q

S. moniliformis GS

A

GNR
pleiomorphic
string of beads

172
Q

S. agalactiae rxns

A

catalase =
PYR =
carrot broth +
sodium hippurate +

173
Q

S. agalactiae SP

A

penicillin susceptible
gentamicin susceptible

174
Q

isolation from blood → colon cancer

A

S. gallolyticus

175
Q

S. gallolyticus morph

A

Gamma/slight Alpha
gray

176
Q

S. gallolyticus rxns

A

catalase =
E/P/L +/=/+
BE/salt +/= (diff. from Ecoc)

177
Q

S. gallolyticus SP

A

pan-susceptible

178
Q

S. pneumoniae diseases

A

pneumonia
bacteremia
endocarditis
meningitis
sinusitis
otitis media
conjunctivitis

179
Q

S. pneumoniae morph

A

Alpha
regular (umbilicated) or mucoid (presumptive type III)

180
Q

S. pneumoniae requirements

A

CO2 (autolyses without)
liquid media triggers autolysis

181
Q

S. pneumoniae rxns

A

catalase =
optochin S (>14 mm)
bile solubility +
urine antigen + (pneumonia, meningitis)

182
Q

S. pneumoniae SP

A

increasing penicillin resistance
vancomycin susceptible
screen for inducible clindamycin resistance

183
Q

S. pyogenes diseases

A

pharyngitis
tonsillitis
impetigo
pyoderma
scarlet fever
TSS
cellulitis
necrotizing fasciitis
acute rheumatic fever
acute glomerulonephritis
PANDAS

184
Q

S. pyogenes virulence factors

A

SLO
SLS
streptokinase
streptodornase (DNase)
pyrogenic exotoxin (scarlet fever)
M protein
hyaluronidase

185
Q

S. pyogenes morph

A

Beta wide
gray
small, domed

186
Q

S. pyogenes rxns

A

catalase =
E/P/L =/+/+ (only B-Strep that is PYR +)
bacitracin S (A-disk)

187
Q

Strep CGF diseases

A

C—pharyngitis, soft tissue infection
G—pharyngitis
F—purulent head abscesses; endocarditis; osteomyelitis

188
Q

Strep CGF morph

A

Beta wide
ppt
gray
butterscotch/honeysuckle/caramel odor

189
Q

Strep CGF rxns

A

catalase =
PYR =

190
Q

viridans diseases

A

subacute bacterial endocarditis (from oral site)
tooth decay (mutans)
gingivitis (mutans)

191
Q

viridans morph

A

Alpha/Gamma
gray
ppt (anginosus)

192
Q

viridans rxns

A

catalase =
E/P/L =/=/+
BE/salt =/=

193
Q

V. cholerae rxns

A

TCBS yellow
oxidase +
glucose ferm +
indole +
arginine =
DNase +
gelatinase +

194
Q

Y. enterocolitica diseases

A

mesenteric lymphadenitits, mimics appendicitis
septicemia in those with iron overload

195
Q

Yersinia rxns

A

NLF
VP =
PAD =
H2S =
Motility = (35°)
ONPG +

196
Q

bipolar/safety pin

A

Y. pestis

197
Q

definition of Enterobacteriaceae

A

GNR
Oxidase =
Glucose-fermenting
Grow on MacConkey
Reduce nitrates to nitrites