Joints

Question 1

Diarthrosis

Answer 1

Freely movable joint
All synovial joints

Question 2

Synarthrosis

Answer 2

Aka Gomphosis
Immovable joint

Question 3

The pubic symphysis is normally immovable but softens during pregnancy to allow fetal movement through the pelvis. What physiologic change during pregnancy allows this joint to loosen?

Answer 3

Hormones such as relaxin, estrogen, and prosesterone soften the joint

Question 4

Secretes synovial fluid

Answer 4

Synovial membrane

Question 5

Fibrous joint

Answer 5

Interosseous membrane
Dentoalveolar joint
Suture

Question 6

Cartilaginous joint

Answer 6

Symphysis
Synchondrosis
Intervertebral joints

Question 7

Synovial joints

Answer 7

Articular capsule and cartilage
Bursae
Menisci
Free movement

Question 8

When the epiphyseal plate closes, becoming the epiphyseal line, a ____ becomes a ____

Answer 8

Synchondrosis becomes a synostosis

Question 9

People who are “double-jointed” have extra flexibility in their joint capsules and ligaments. This seems like an advantage, but what is the downside?

Answer 9

Less stability, easier to dislocate

Question 10

The more mobile a joint, the ____ and the more likely to be found in the ____
skeleton it is.

Answer 10

More complex
Appendicular

Question 11

Circumduction movement

Answer 11

Flexion + extension + abduction + adduction

Question 12

Flexion movement

Answer 12

Knee movement to touch heel to gluteal region 

Question 13

Opposition movement

Answer 13

Moving the thumb across the palm to touch the fingers

Question 14

Plantar flexion movement

Answer 14

Ankle movement to press down gas pedal

Question 15

Inversion movement

Answer 15

Ankle movement to bring soles of feet together

Question 16

Protraction movement

Answer 16

Pushing the jaw forward 

Question 17

Depression movement

Answer 17

The jaw dropping 

Question 18

Abduction movement

Answer 18

Shoulder movement to raise the arm from the side to 90°

Question 19

R/L rotation movement

Answer 19

Turning the head to one side, keeping the eyes level 

Question 20

Pronation movement

Answer 20

Radius crossing over ulna, turning palm down 

Question 21

R/L lateral flexion movement

Answer 21

Neck movement to touch ear to shoulder 

Question 22

Medial rotation movement

Answer 22

From anatomic position, turning the palms to face each other 

Question 23

Plane joint

Answer 23

Joints in wrist and ankle
Clavicle meeting sternum & acromion
Joints between wrist and hand

Question 24

Pivot joint

Answer 24

Atlas meets axis

Question 25

Ball and socket joint

Answer 25

Shoulder and hip joints

Question 26

Hinge joint

Answer 26

Knee and elbow joints
Uniaxial joint

Question 27

Condyloid joint

Answer 27

Joints between hand and fingers 

Question 28

Meniscus

Answer 28

Fibrocartilage pad of knee

Question 29

Anterior cruciate ligament

Answer 29

Connects tibia and femur
Limits hyperextension
Frequently injured

Question 30

Patellar ligament

Answer 30

Anterior ligament of the knee
Connects with tibia

Question 31

The three structures most likely to be injured in a lateral impact to the knee

Answer 31

Anterior cruciate ligament
Medial collateral ligament
Medial meniscus

Question 32

Which knee ligament is injured the most often, being damaged in 70% of knee injuries?

Answer 32

Anterior cruciate ligament

Question 33

Amphiarthrosis

Answer 33

Slightly moveable joint