Basal Ganglia

Question 1

Components that make up the Basal Ganglia

Answer 1

Caudate
* Putamen
* Globus pallidus (GP)
* Substantia nigra (SN)
* Subthalamic nucleus

Question 2

What makes up the Striatum

Answer 2

Caudate and Putamen

Question 3

What makes up the globuis pallidus

Answer 3

external segment and internal segment

Question 4

Basal Ganglia In coronal section

Answer 4

Question 5

Basal Ganglia i horizontal Section

Answer 5

Question 6

Basal Ganglia Input nuclei Connections

Answer 6

striatum and subthalamic nucleus, which receive cortical inputs

Question 7

Basal Ganglia Output nuclei Connections

Answer 7

Globus pallidus (internal)

Ventral pallidum

Substantia nigra (pars reticular)

Question 8

Basal Ganglia Direct pathway

Answer 8

promotes wanted movements

Question 9

Basal Ganglia Indirect pathway

Answer 9

inhibits unwanted movements

Question 10

Basal Ganglia Intrinsic Nuclei

Answer 10

Globus pallidus (external)
Subthalamic nuclei
Substantia nigra (pars compacta)
Ventral tegmental area

Question 11

Four basic basal ganglia circuits and their function

Answer 11

1. A skeletomotor loop
2. An oculomotor loop
3. A prefrontal cortex loop
4. A limbic loop

Question 12

the Limbic loop

Answer 12

amygdala and hippocampus > VENTRAL STRIATUM > VENTRAL PUTAMEN > Thalamus

= behaviour and emotions

Question 13

The prefrontal loop

Answer 13

prefrontal cortex > CAUDATE > GP (INT) SUBSTANIA NIGRA (RET) > thalamus

= cognition and behavioural functions

Question 14

the Oculomotor loop

Answer 14

Parietal Prefrontal cortex > CAUDATE > GP (INT), SUBSTANIA NIGRA (RET) > thalamus

= saccadic eye movement

Question 15

the skeletomotor

Answer 15

primary motor > PUTAMEN > GP (INT) > thalamus

= movement of trunk