Lipids 1

Question 1

What are lipids?

Answer 1

Organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. Include natural oils, waxes and steroids

Question 2

What are the function of lipids?

Answer 2

Source of energy, component of cell membranes, signalling, provides insulation, protects internal organs

Question 3

What are triglycerides?

Answer 3

90% of fat that you eat is in the form of triglyceride
Used for energy storage, fatty acid storage and structure for lipoproteins
Glycerol + 3 fatty acids = triglyceride

Question 4

What is the structure of fatty acids?

Answer 4

Different chain lengths
If there are no double bonds - saturated fat
Most fatty acids are cis bonds, trans fats are from dairy products and act like a saturated fat
Position of first double bond from methyl end

Question 5

What are fatty acids?

Answer 5

Chains of carbon molecules with a methyl group at one end of the chain and carboxyl group at the other end

Question 6

What are phospholipids?

Answer 6

Have a chemical structure that allow them to have unique roles in body
Have many roles in diet - found in all cell membranes

Question 7

What are sterols

Answer 7

Multiple ring structures found in plant and animal food. Starting material for bile acids, sex hormones, adrenal hormones and vitamin D