TestMaster4 Flashcards
The term “privilege” is:
a legal term referring to the protection of confidential information in legal proceedings.
When attempting to expand your private practice, it is important to keep in mind that in-person solicitation of business:
may be ethical if the person being solicited is not susceptible to undue influence.
As defined in the APA’s Ethics Code, a psychologist would be violating test security when he:
shows a parent the questions from a standardized test when discussing the child’s test results.
To compare the impact of two or more interventions on patients’ duration and quality of life, you would conduct which of the following types of cost analysis?
Cost-utility
You are hired by a university to teach a graduate seminar in the psychology department. In terms of the Ethics Code, you are explicitly required to do which of the following?
Ensure that accurate information about the seminar is available to all interested parties
During an initial session with a client, the client tells Dr. Paphian that he and his wife have not been getting along well lately, and he thinks they may need couples counseling. As the client describes his wife, Dr. Paphian realizes that he had a brief affair with her ten years ago (prior to her marriage). Dr. Paphian should ____________________.
not see the husband or the couple in therapy but, instead, make a referral to another therapist
A school psychologist is contacted by the father of one of the school’s students. He informs the psychologist that the family is moving to another state and requests that she provide him with a copy of his child’s records. The psychologist should __________________.
request the name and address of the new school and forward the records to the school psychologist once the family has moved
Of the cases processed by the APA’s Ethics Committee as the result of revocation of a psychologist’s license by a state licensing board, the most common complaint processed by the committee is which of the following?
Loss of licensure in another jurisdiction
A psychologist wants to assess a client with a test that has not yet been validated for the client’s ethnic group. To be consistent with the provisions of the Ethics Code, the psychologist __________________.
should explain the limitations of the test results to the client
A psychologist is hired by a court to evaluate a defendant during the course of a criminal proceeding. The psychologist can subsequently include information about the defendant in a textbook that she is writing on forensic psychology _______________________________.
as long as the information included in the book is included in the public record of the case and she disguises all personally identifiable information.
A psychologist is working in the employee assistance program (EAP) of a large corporation. She is approached by a supervisor who referred an employee to the EAP several weeks ago when the employee was having problems at home that began interfering with her job performance. The employer now wants to know if the employee has been receiving counseling from the psychologist and, if so, how the sessions are going. In fact, the employee has seen the psychologist four times and has another session scheduled for the next week. The psychologist should ______________.
inform the supervisor that she has seen the employee but provide no information about the employee’s treatment
When a psychologist’s work with clients will be supervised _________________.
the client must be told about this arrangement and, when the supervisor has legal responsibility for the case, must also be given the supervisor’s name
When a research study requires participants to be deceived about its real purpose prior to their participation, they ______.
should be debriefed about the true purpose of the study as soon as possible after their participation
To be consistent with ethical requirements, when asked by a client’s insurance company to electronically transfer confidential information about the client to the company, you should _________________________.
make sure that personal identifiers are coded or removed
Dr. Green is contacted by an insurance company, which wants information about a previous client of hers. The client’s fee was paid by the insurance company when he was seeing her, and the insurance company now wants information for part of its regular peer review process. Dr. Green’s best course of action would be to ______________________________.
provide the insurance company with the information it requests only after ensuring that the company will take steps to protect the client’s confidentiality
In organizations, frame-of-reference training is used to:
increase rater accuracy
According to ______________, a person’s career concept can be described as linear, expert, spiral, or transitory.
Brousseau and Driver
A needs assessment ordinarily consists of three components. These are:
job, person, and organizational analysis
In evaluating the criterion-related validity of a selection test, you discover that race/ethnicity is a moderator variable. Consequently, you will be interested in determining if the test has:
differential validity
To identify “critical incidents,” you would most likely:
ask supervisors to identify employee behaviors that are associated with outstanding and inferior performance
An organizational psychologist conducts a(n) _________ to determine the relative worth of a job compared to other jobs.
job evaluation
It is found that a selection test is a better predictor of job success for applicants from higher socioeconomic levels than for applicants from lower socioeconomic levels. In this situation, socioeconomic level is best described as a(n):
Moderator variable
The owner of a company has decided that, to determine how well employees are performing, employees will be watched while performing their jobs for a predetermined period of time. Based on the relevant research, you predict that the employees’ performance during the period of observation will:
be inhibited if the task is complex
A behavioral therapist is using positive reinforcement to increase a desired behavior. After behavior is well-established, the psychologist switches from a continuous schedule of reinforcement to an intermittent one. This technique is referred to as:
thinning
Which of the following is an example of a variable ratio schedule of reinforcement?
Slot machines
For a therapist relying on Beck’s cognitive approach to treat a client suffering from an anxiety disorder, the initial cognitive restructuring will most likely focus on:
decatastrophizing
A friend asks you how you liked the concert you went to last Saturday night. As you try to recall the concert, you realize that your memory is being affected by other concerts you have attended in the past. In other words, your memory of last Saturday’s concert is being affected by:
your schema for concerts
A treatment for depression that is based on Rehm’s self-control theory is most likely to include:
having the client keep a record of positive experiences
As defined by Aaron Beck, _____________ involves drawing a specific conclusion about an experience in the absence of supporting evidence for that conclusion.
arbitrary inference
Subjects in a research study are asked to read the following list of words: pin, sewing, thread, sharp, haystack, injection, point, pain. They are then asked to recall as many words from the list as possible, and many subjects recall the word “needle” even though it is not one of the words in the list. This illustrates which of the following?
Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm
A pigeon is placed in a cage that has two levers. Lever #1 delivers reinforcement on a VI-30-second schedule, while Lever #2 delivers reinforcement on a VI-60-second schedule. What proportion of the pigeon’s pecks will be on Lever #1?
Two-thirds
To establish a behavior that an individual does not naturally emit, you would use which of the following?
shaping
A client says “I don’t know where they come from, but these thoughts about swearing and cursing just keep coming back. I just can’t seem to get them out of my mind. All I can think about is cursing and swearing.” Which of the following techniques would be most useful for alleviating this client’s problem?
Thought stopping
Which of the following is an example of elaborative rehearsal?
Relating new information to previously acquired information
As described by Beck, automatic thoughts involve:
interpreting experiences in patterned, reflexive ways
When aversive counterconditioning is being used to eliminate a fetish, the fetish object is the:
Conditioned stimulus
Antisocial behavior and later delinquency have been associated with:
a laissez-faire parenting style and harsh, inconsistent discipline
