Embryonic development

Question 1

what is embryonic and fetal phase development?

Answer 1

embryo: week 8 post fertilisation
Fetal: week 9 onwards

Question 2

name 3 embryonic cell mass and tissue types

Answer 2

Ectoderm including Epidermis, and nerve tissue.
Mesoderm: skeletal muscle blood, CT.
Endoferm: GIT and respiratory

Question 3

Carnegie Stages or Horizon

Answer 3

describes morphological characteristics present at a given point at a time

Question 4

Embryonic limp development at week 3

Answer 4

carnegie stage 7-9. Minor swelling appears at the site of future limb development

Question 5

Embryo limb development at week 4?

Answer 5

stage 13. bud appears at the level of lumbar myotomes.

Question 6

Embryo limp development at week 5?

Answer 6

stage 13-15. 11-13.5mm. Limb and buds extend distally towards sacral myotomes and length increases. Lumbar segment is still rounded and the sacral segment tapers distally

Question 7

in what plane were all segments of the Embryo located from week 3-5?

Answer 7

Transverse plane

Question 8

In which week there is a distinction between thigh, leg, and foot and describe what happens?

Answer 8

Week 8. Ossification point of Fibula occurs. all basic organ development is complete.

Question 9

What week do congenital foot deformities occur?

Answer 9

before the 7th embryonic week. Talipes Equinovarus,

Question 10

describe week 5-foot embryo foot development

Answer 10

Stages 13-15. foot disc recognizable. but toys and rays are not identifiable . Dorsal and plantar surface faces superiorly and begin inward rotationn until parallel with sagittal plane.

Question 11

Describe week 6 foot development

Answer 11

inward rotation continues, including leg.
Left counter clock wise-Right clockwise
Digital rays become more distinct.
Toes are spread

Question 12

Describe week 7 foot development

Answer 12

foot structure is clearly recognisable
Plantar surface faces medial, Dorsal surface faces lateral.
Foot is in equnius. The entire lower limb externally rotated

Question 13

outline the week range for 1st, second and third trimester?

Answer 13

1st: up to week 12
Second: 13-24
third: 25 till birth

Question 14

when does foetal period start

Answer 14

week 9 till birth

Question 15

Describe weeks 9-12 of foetal period.

Answer 15

• Organ continues to grow
• Eyelids close
• Nails and teeth dev
  -Genitals appear
• Liver is making RBCs

Question 16

Describe week 13-16 of foetal period

Answer 16

skin is transparent
Leg is externally rotated at hip and kees flexed, foot in equnius

Question 17

week 17-28

Answer 17

Fetus can hear, and swallow- Bone marrow functions

Question 18

Describe Week 29-40 of fetal period

Answer 18

The brain grows rapidly, Gains weight

Question 19

Describe the lower limb and foot position in foetal period?

Answer 19

Lower limb remains folded in fetal position for most of 3rd trimester
feet slightly inverted
leg crossed over the other

Question 20

what is the difference between ossification, ossified and chondrification?

Answer 20

Ossification: bone begins to solidify. Whilst ossified is when it fuses or stops growing
Chondrification: formation of cartilage