org chem Flashcards
catenation
ability of an element to form covalent bonds with itself, forming rings, chains, or cage molecules
carbon is a…
tetravalent atom that has 4 valence electrons available for chemical bonding
homologous series
group of compounds with the same general formula, similar chemical properties, graduation in physical properties as a result of increase in size, mass of molecules
functional group
group of atoms that gives molecule its characteristic chemical properties
structural isomers
compounds that share the same molecular formula but have a different arrangement of atoms
alkanes are
saturated hydrocarbons w formula CnH2n+2
alkanes reactive or unreactive?
alkanes are generally unreactive except in terms of combustion and substitution reactions with halogens
long chain alkanes breaking down is called
cracking, broken down into mixture of smaller & more useful molecules like alkenes & hydrogen gas
alkenes are
unsaturated hydrocarbons with general formula CnH2n
why is cracking essential?
match demand for for actions containing smaller molecules from refinery process
saturated &. unsaturated hydrocarbons have different _____
molecular structures
how to differentiate saturated & unsaturated hydrocarbons?
distinguish using aq bromine in carbon tetrachloride
alkenes are reactive or unreactive
reactive! they take part in combustion, polymerisation, addition reactions w bromine, steam and hydrogen
alcohols contain…
hydroxyl (OH) functional group
fermentation of glucose process
fermentation of glucose into ethanol and co2 using yeast at 37 degrees celcius in absence of oxygen gas
