Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What are the two valves between the atria & ventricles called?
Atrioventricular (AV) valves
Semilunar valves
What are the 2 atrioventricular (av) valves?
Right AV valve
Left AV Valve
What does the right AV valve do?
Tricuspid valve
Prevents backflow of blood from right ventricle to the right atrium
What does the left av valve do?
Bicuspid/mitral valve
Prevents backflow of blood from left ventricle to the left atrium
What are the 2 semilunar valves?
Pulmonary
Aortic
What does the pulmonary valve do & where is it located?
Located between right ventricle & pulmonary artery - prevents backflow of blood from pulmonary artery into right ventricle
What does the aortic valve do & where is it located?
Located between left ventricle & aorta - prevents backflow of blood from aorta into lefr ventricle
What do the coronary arteries do?
Supply blood supply for the heart - keep the myocardium supplied with oxygen
What do the 2 left side coronary arteries do?
Left anterior descending - supplies anterior portion of left atrium & ventricle with oxygenated blood
Left circumflex artery - supplies posterior portion of left atrium & left ventricle with oxygenated blood
What does the right coronary artery do?
Supplies right atrium & right ventricle with oxygenated blood
What are the 2 forms of circulatory disease?
Arteriosclerosis
Atherosclerosis
What is arteriosclerosis circulatory disease?
(Hardening of arteries)
Progressive degeneration of arterial walls - leads to gardening & loss of elasticity - can lead to high blood pressure
What is atherosclerosis circulatory disease?
Progressive narrowing of arteries - caused by circulating fats (lipids) being deposited in lining of artery walls that have become rough.
What are 5 risk factors of developing circulatory disease?
Age
Smoking
Obesity
Stress
Diet
What is blood pressure?
Pressure exerted by blood on walls of arteries. Measured in mm of mercury
