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Network+ > Section 4: TCP/IP Model > Flashcards

Section 4: TCP/IP Model Flashcards

1
Q

What is the TCP/IP Model?

A

An alternative 4-layer model to the OSI model.

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2
Q

What is the network interface (Layer 1)?

At the Data Link & Physical Layer

A

Describes how to transmit bits across a network and determines how the network medium is going to be used

Examples: Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, RS-232

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3
Q

What is the Internet (Layer 2)?

At the Network Layer

A

Packages data into IP datagrams

Examples: IP, ICMP, ARP, RARP

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4
Q

What is the transport layer (Layer 3)?

At the Transport Layer

A

*Check this on video

Examples: TCP, UDP, RTP

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5
Q

What is the application layer (Layer 4)?

A

*Check this on video

Examples: HTTP, TELNET, FTP, SNMP, DNS, SMTP, SSL, TLS

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6
Q

How many port numbers can there be?

A

65,535

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7
Q

From what port number to port number are “well-known” and reserved?

A

0 - 1023

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8
Q

What are ephermeral ports? and from what port number to port number can be selected?

A

Short-lived transport port that’s automatically selected from a predefined range. 1024-65,535

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9
Q

What does an IPv4 Packet consist of?

A

Consists of a source address, destination address, IP flags, and protocol

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10
Q

How many bytes does a TCP header have?

A

20 Bytes

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11
Q

How many bytes does a UDP header have?

A

8 Bytes

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12
Q

What is File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and what port numbers does it use?

A

Transfers computer files between a client and server on a computer. Ports 20 & 21

Unsecure method

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13
Q

What is Secure Shell (SSH) and what port number does it use?

A

Cryptographic network protocol for operating network services securely over an unsecured network. Port 22

Best known for remote login to computer systems by users

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14
Q

What is the Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) and what port number does it use?

A

Provides file access, file transfer, and file management over any reliable data stream. Port 22

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15
Q

What is Telnet and what port number does it use?

A

Provides bidirectional interactive text-oriented communication facility using a virtual terminal connection. Port 23

Like SSH, but insecure

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16
Q

What is Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) and what port number does it use?

A

Internet standard for sending electronic mail. Port 25

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17
Q

What is Domain Name Service (DNS) and what port number does it use?

A

Hierarchical decentralized naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the Internet or a private network. Port 53

Converts domain names to IP addresses

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18
Q

What is Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) and what port numbers does it use?

A

Dynamically assigns an IP address and other network configuration parameters to a client. Ports 67 & 68

19
Q

What is the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) and what port number does it use?

A

Transmits files in both directions of a client-server application. Port 69

Used for booting an OS from a local area network file server

20
Q

What is the Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and what port number does it use?

A

Foundation of data communication for WWW. Port 80

21
Q

What is the Post Office Protocol v3 (POP3) and what port number does it use?

A

Used by local e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail from a remote server over TCP/IP connection. Port 110

22
Q

What is the Network Time Protocol (NTP) and what port number does it use?

A

Provides clock synchronization between computer systems over packet-switched, variable-latency data networks. Port 123

23
Q

What is the Internet Mail Application Protocol (IMAP) and what port number does it use?

A

Provides e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail messages from a mail server over TCP/IP connection. Port 143

Allows user to view & manipulate messages as if they’re stored locally

24
Q

What is the Simple Network Management (SNMP) and what port number does it use?

A

Provides collection and organization of information about managed devices on IP networks. Port 161

Can modify info to change device behavior, common in network devices

25
Q

What is the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) and what port number does it use?

A

Open, vendor-neutral, industry standard for accessing and maintaining distributed directory information services. Port 389

Active Directory also uses port 389

26
Q

What is the Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) and what port number does it use?

A

Foundation of ecommerce on WWW. Port 443

Designed for adding security to the insecure HTTP protocol

27
Q

What is the Server Message Block (SMB) and what port number does it use?

A

Provides shared access to files, printers, and miscellaneous communications between devices on a network. Port 445

28
Q

What is the System Logging Protocol (Syslog) and what port number does it use?

A

Used to send logging data back to a centralized server. Port 514

29
Q

What is the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Transport Layer Security (SMTP TLS) and what port number does it use?

A

Secure and encrypted way to send emails. Port 587

30
Q

What is the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Secure (LDAPS) and what port number does it use?

A

Open, vendor-neutral, industry standard for accessing and maintaining distributed secure directory information services. Port 636

31
Q

What is the Internet Message Access Protocol over SSL (IMAP over SSL) and what port number does it use?

A

Secure and encrypted way to receive emails. Port 993

32
Q

What is the Post Office Protocol v3 over SSL (POP3 over SSL) and what port number does it use?

A

Secure and encrypted way to receive emails. Port 995

33
Q

What is the Structured Query Language Server Protocol (SQL) and what port number does it use?

A

Used for communication from a client to the database engine. Port 1433

34
Q

What is the SQLnet Protocol and what port number does it use?

A

Used for communication from a client to an Oracle database. Port 1521

35
Q

What is MySQL and what port number does it use?

A

Used for communication from a client to the MySQL database engine. Port 3306

36
Q

What is the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) and what port number does it use?

A

Provides a user with a graphical interface to connect to another computer over a network connection. Port 3389

37
Q

What is the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and what port numbers does it use?

A

Provides signaling and controlling multimedia communication sessions in applications. Ports 5060 & 5061

Used for Internet telephony for voice and video calls, VoIP, and IM

38
Q

What is Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)?

A

Operates by conducting a three-way handshake between a client and a server, and then establishing the connection.

A connection-oriented method of communication

39
Q

What is User Datagram Protocol (UDP)?

A

Can detect if its packets are corrupted when they are received by a client used a checksum.

A connectionless-oriented method of communication

40
Q

What is the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)?

A

A network level protocol that is used to communicate information about network connectivity issues back to the sender.

41
Q

What is the Generic Routing Encapsulation Protocol (GRE)?

A

A tunneling protocol that was developed by Cisco to encapsulate a wide variety of network layer protocol inside a virtual point-to-point or point-to-multipoint link over an Internet Protocol network.

Does not provide any encryption

42
Q

What is the Internet Protocol Security Protocol (IPsec)?

A

A set of secure communication protocols at the network or packet processing layer that is used to protect data flows between peers.

43
Q

What is the Authentication Header (AH)?

A

A protocol within IPsec that provides integrity and authentication

44
Q

What is the Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)?

A

Provides encryption and integrity for the data packets over IPsec.

Backwards compatible with most IP routers

Network+ (22 decks)

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