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Network+ > Section 9: Network Services > Flashcards

Section 9: Network Services Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)?

A

Assigns devices with IP addresses and also provides them a subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server.

Operates over ports 67 & 68 using UDP

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2
Q

What is a DHCP Scope?

A

A list of valid IP addresses that are available for assignment or lease to a client computer or endpoint device on a given subnet

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3
Q

What is a DHCP Reservation?

A

A permanent IP address from a DHCP server to a specific device on a network

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4
Q

What is the average lease time for DHCP servers?

A

24 hours

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5
Q

What is a DHCP Relay?

A

Forwards DHCP packets between clients and servers

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6
Q

What is an IP Helper/UDP Forwarding?

A

Forwards several different kinds of UDP broadcasts across the router and can be used in conjunction with the DHCP relay

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7
Q

What is a Domain Name System (DNS)?

A

Helps a network client find a website using human-readable hostnames instead of numeric IP addresses

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8
Q

What is an A Record?

A

A record used for IPv4 addresses

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9
Q

What is a AAAA Record?

A

A record used for IPv6 addresses

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10
Q

What is a CNAME Record (Canonical Name Record)?

A

Used instead of an A record or AAAA record if you want to point a domain to another domain name or subdomain

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11
Q

What is an MX Record (Mail Exchange Record)?

A

Used to direct emails to a mail server

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12
Q

What is a SOA Record (Start of Authority Record)?

A

Used to store important information about a domain or zone

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13
Q

What is a PTR Record (Pointer Record)?

A

Used to correlate an IP address with a domain name

The opposite of an A Record

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14
Q

What is a TXT Record (Text Record)?

A

Used by domain administrators to add text into the domain name system

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15
Q

What is a SRV Record (Service Record)?

A

Used to specify a host and port for a specific service

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16
Q

What is a NS Record (Name Server Record)?

A

Used to indicate which DNS name server is the authoritative one for a domain

17
Q

What is a Root DNS server? What are some examples?

A

Answers requests in the root zone.
.com, .org, .net

18
Q

What are examples of geographic hierarchy?

A

.uk for United Kingdom, .fr for France, .it for Italy

19
Q

What is a Zone Transfer?

A

Sharing of information between DNS servers about which domain names they have and their associated IP addresses

20
Q

What is an Internal DNS?

A

Allows cloud instances on the same network access each other using internal DNS names

21
Q

What is an External DNS?

A

Records created around the domain names from a central authority and used on the public Internet

22
Q

What is an Authoritative Name Server?

A

A type of DNS server that stores all the DNS records for a given domain

23
Q

What is Time to Live (TTL)?

A

Tells the DNS resolver how long to cache a query before requesting a new one

24
Q

What is DNS Caching?

A

Makes a local copy of every DNS entry it resolves as you connect to websites

25
Q

What is a Reverse DNS Lookup?

A

Determines what the domain name is for a given IP address

26
Q

What is a Forward Lookup?

A

The process of finding an IP address based on the hostname in DNS

27
Q

What is a Recursive Lookup?

A

DNS server communicates with several other DNS servers to hunt down the IP address and return to the client

28
Q

What is an Iterative Lookup?

A

Each DNS server responds directly to the client with an address for another DNS server that may have the correct IP address

29
Q

What is the Network Time Protocol (NTP)?

A

Synchronizes clocks between systems communicating over a packet-switched, variable-latency data network

Sent over UDP using port 123

30
Q

How many levels can an NTP handle?

A

15

Network+ (22 decks)

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