Week 1 lectures

Question 1

What did Carl Linnaeus do in 1730’s?

Answer 1

He developed a system to classify all living animals.
He separated into plant and animal kingdom.

Question 2

How was Linnaeus’ list separated?

Answer 2

-Kingdom
-Phylum
-Class
-Order
-Family
-Genus
-Species
-Latin Translation

Question 3

What classification system was introduced in 1969?

Answer 3

Five-Kingdom classification system:
-Presence or absence of nucleus
-Number of cells
-Type of metabolism

The kingdoms were:
-Monerans (prokaryotic, unicellular)
-Protists (eukaryotic, mostly unicellular)
-Fungi (decomposers)
-Plants (Photosynthesis)
-Animals (Ingestion)

Question 4

What are the 5 kingdoms?

Answer 4

Monera - unicellular, prokaryotic
Protista - Unicellular and simple, eukaryotic
Animalia - Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic
Plantae - Eukaryotic, multicellular, and photosynthetic
Fungi - Eukaryotic, unicellular and multicellular, and decomposers.

Question 5

What are living things grouped according to?

Answer 5

Characteristics

Question 6

What is the new three-domain classification system?

Answer 6

The three domains are:
Eubacteria
Kingdom:
-Bacteria

Eukaryota
Kingdom:
-Animalia
-Plantae
-Fungi
-Protista

Archaea
Kingdom:
-Archaea

Question 7

What is Taxonomy?

Answer 7

Taxonomy is the branch of biology that helps to name and classify organisms.

Question 8

What two names are organisms given?

Answer 8

Genus and species

Question 9

What characteristics define humans

Answer 9

1. Bipedalism - ability to stand upright and walk on two legs.
2. Opposable thumbs
3. Large Brain (relative to body size) - ability to conduct complex activities, helps to conduct social interactions.
4. Capacity for language

Question 10

At what levels can humans be studied?

Answer 10

-Atomic and molecular
-Cellular
-Tissue
-Organ
-Organ systems
-Organism
-Population
-Community
-Ecosystem
-Biosphere

Question 11

What is the biosphere?

Answer 11

The worldwide ecosystem.

Question 12

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 12

Communities of different populations that interact with each other and the nonliving environment.

Question 13

What is a community?

Answer 13

Populations of different organisms interacting with each other in a particular place.

Question 14

What is a population?

Answer 14

A group of individual organisms in a particular place

Question 15

Organism?

Answer 15

An independent living unit

Question 16

Organ system

Answer 16

many organs functioning together

Question 17

Organ

Answer 17

Collection of tissues that work together for a particular function

Question 18

Tissue

Answer 18

man cells that perform a particular function

Question 19

Cell

Answer 19

simplest unit that shows characteristics of life

Question 20

Molecules

Answer 20

specific arrangements of atoms

Question 21

Atoms

Answer 21

The fundamental units of matter