Renal MCQS 2022 Flashcards
What is a limitation of organic nitrates such as nitroglycerin (GTN)
development of tolerance
What happens to the 10 L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway activity in obesity
It is reduced
What is the biomarker that is considered the gold-standard for determining oxidative stress in blood or urine.
F2-isoprostane or isoprostanes and isoprostane-like compounds, neuroprostanes
After an acute ischaemic (lack of blood flow) myocardial infarct (heart attack), the reflow of the blood to the infarcted area allows the heart to repair but causes a burst of reactive oxygen species in the heart tissue. The main cellular sources of reactive oxygen species in the injured heart after reflow of blood are
neutrophils and macrophages
When does Hyperinsulinemia occur
early stage type 2
What is a major action insulin
stimulating glucose uptake by adipose tissues
What is stage 2 hypertension blood pressure
Systolic blood pressure 160 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure 100 mmHg
What hormone profile does Hyperphagia and obesity usually have
reduced level of leptin
Where is leptin secreted from
Leptin is secreted from adipocytes in proportion to fat mass
What type of hormone is leptin
Leptin is an anti-appetite hormone
How is Leptin synthesized and released into blood circulation
by adipocytes
