Endocrine and Reproductive system - hormones

Question 1

Growth hormone
- target
- function
- abnorm

Answer 1

• muscles, cells,
• growth in organs, tissue, bone
• hypOsecretion (low) - inadequate
• hypErsecretion (excessive) giganticism
• Adults- acromegaly

Question 2

hormones released by pituitary gland

Answer 2

Growth
thyroid stimulating
anti-diuretic

oxytocin
prolactin
follicle stimulating
luteinising

Question 3

Thyroid stimulating
- target, function, abnor

Answer 3

• thyroid gland (buttefly shaped, under voice box)
• stimulates secretion of thyroxin:
• controls metabolic rates
• maintains nervous
• tissue function
• HypOthyroidism (LOw)
• rapid weight gain, fatigue, anxiety,
• gOitre formed due to iOdine deficiency as the thyroid gland swells to absorb as much iOdine as possible
• treated with iodine pills/supplements (iodine activates thyroxine)
• also cretinism (criticising, being low), small stature, small brain
• HypErthyroidism (Excessive)
• rapid weight loss
• over stimulated nervous system
• caused by Graves (autoimmune) causes the thyroid to secrete excessively

Question 4

anti-diuretic
- target, function, abnor

Answer 4

• hypothalamus, pit
• kidney
• controls absorbtion of water by kidney

Question 5

oxytocin
- produced, target, function

Answer 5

• hypothalamus, pit
• uterus
• stimulates muscle contraction during labour

Question 6

prolactin
- target, function

Answer 6

• targets mammary
• stimulates production of milk after birth

Question 7

FSH

Answer 7

males:
- testes, semnifurous tubules

• produces sperm via spermatogenesis
• low sperm, infertility

females:
- ovaries

• stimulates egg to mature
• multiple eggs, twins

Question 8

LH
target, function, abnor

Answer 8

males:
- Testes, leydig cells

• production of testerone
• helps sperm stay mature

females:
- ovaries

• ovulation