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Nursing of Childbearing Family > Chapter 14: Nutrition for Childbearing > Flashcards

Chapter 14: Nutrition for Childbearing Flashcards

1
Q

Jewish pregnant women must follow a strict ___________ diet.

A

kosher

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2
Q

carbohydrates should be ___-___% of total calories

A

45, 65

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3
Q

Pregnant women need ___-___ cups of water per day

A

8, 10

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4
Q

Five food categories high in iron

A

meats and fish, legumes, grains, fruits, vegetables

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5
Q

When are iron supplements started during pregnancy?

A

In 2nd trimester after nausea subsides

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6
Q

Five foods that are a good source of vitamin C

A

strawberries, tomatoes, broccoli, cantaloupe, peppers

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7
Q

Pregnant women have an increased need for sodium due to increased _______________, but excessive amounts should be avoided.

A

blood volume

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8
Q

Type of vegetarianism in which meat and dairy products are avoided but eggs are consumed

A

ovovegetarian

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9
Q

This amount of exercise is recommended in pregnant women

A

moderate (more exercise may need extra calories and fluids)

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10
Q

Vitamin C is important for the development of these three things

A

fetal tissue, collagen, immune system

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11
Q

Fats are needed for ______________ and __________ development

A

neurological, vision

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12
Q

When teaching about nutrition, teach to avoid _________ calories and eat foods that are ________________.

A

empty, nutrient-dense

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13
Q

Proteins are necessary for _______________, tissue __________, and tissue ___________.

A

metabolism, synthesis, repair

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14
Q

Total weight gain if mother is obese

A

11-20 lbs (5-9 kg)

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15
Q

Distribution: Weight gain in uterus

A

2.5 lbs (1.1 kg)

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16
Q

Proteins are increased especially in the second trimester for these two reasons

A
  1. expanding blood volume
  2. growth of fetal and maternal tissue
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17
Q

Distribution: Weight gain in maternal reserves

A

4-9.5 lbs (1.8-4.3 kg)

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18
Q

In Korea, pregnant women cannot have _______________.

A

duck eggs

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19
Q

Recommended dosage of folic acid for pregnant women 3 months and beyond

A

600 mcg/day

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20
Q

Weight loss over 2 weeks following birth

A

9 lbs

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21
Q

Heme iron is present in (plant, animal) sources, and ___% is absorbed.

A

animal, 25

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22
Q

Diets high in ______ may cause feeling of fullness before enough calories are consumed

A

fiber

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23
Q

Distribution: Weight gain in amniotic fluid

A

2 lbs (0.9 kg)

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24
Q

Alcohol in breast milk peaks at ___-____ minutes alone and ____-____ minutes with food. A breastfeeding woman should not nurse for at least _______ after alcohol consumption.

A

30, 60, 60, 90, 2 hours

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25
Q

Breastfeeding women need ______ more calories per day than nonpregnant women. _____ calories come from dietary needs, and ____ calories come from maternal stores.

A

500, 330, 170

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26
Q

Pregnant women should avoid lunch meats, hot dogs, and unpasteurized milk for this reason

A

These foods can have listeria monocytes which can cause listeriosis, spontaneous abortion, preterm labor, and/or fetal death

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27
Q

Vegetarians can increase their caloric intake by eating ________ and __________________.

A

snacks, higher-caloric foods

28
Q

Distribution: Weight gain in placenta

A

1-1.5 lbs (0.5-0.7 kg)

29
Q

Total weight gain if mother is of normal weight and is pregnant with twins

A

37-54 lbs (17-25 kg)

30
Q

During the second 6 months after birth (breastfeeding), _____ extra maternal calories are needed for this reason

A

400, infants start eating solids

31
Q

Deficiency of folic acid may cause these two conditions in the fetus

A
  1. spina bifida
  2. cleft lip/palate
32
Q

Type of vegetarianism in which dairy products and eggs are consumed

A

lacto-ovovegetarian

33
Q

Term for practice of eating nonfood items (occurs in 20% of pregnant women) that is associated with iron and/or zinc deficiency

A

pica

34
Q

Distribution: Weight gain in fetus

A

7-7.5 lbs (3.2-3.4 kg)

35
Q

Foods rich in zinc are also rich in _________.

A

protein

36
Q

Total weight gain if mother is underweight

A

28-40 lbs (12.5-18 kg)

37
Q

Weight loss immediately after birth

A

12 lbs

38
Q

Pregnant women should avoid large fish (large mouth bass, salmon, raw fish) for this reason

A

High levels of mercury can damage fetal CNS

39
Q

Dieting should be postponed for at least _________ after childbirth to recover. _________ weight loss is preferred.

A

3 weeks, gradual

40
Q

These three foods are good sources of niacin

A

meats, fish, milk

41
Q

In Haiti, women do not eat ________ foods after birth because they believe they will increase ________.

A

white, lochia (postpartum bleeding)

42
Q

Calcium is transferred primarily in the ____ trimester and is needed for this

A

3rd, mineralization of fetal bones and teeth

43
Q

Seven foods high in folic acid

A
  1. dark green leafy vegetables
  2. beans
  3. peanuts
  4. orange juice
  5. asparagus
  6. spinach
  7. fortified foods
44
Q

Niacin is important for _______________.

A

energy release

45
Q

These two nonfood items are not sources of iron and can decrease absorption of iron and other nutrients

A

clay, dirt

46
Q

Most women need ______-_______ calories per day. This increases by _____ calories in the second trimester and _____ calories in the third trimester.

A

2200, 2900, 340, 452

47
Q

Pregnant woman needs _______ mg of iron because there is a ___-____% increase in maternal RBCs

A

1000, 20, 30

48
Q

Nonheme iron is present in (plant, animal) sources, and ____% is absorbed.

A

plant, 5

49
Q

Breastfeeding returns uterus back to original size (slower, faster) due to the release of oxytocin

A

faster

50
Q

Total weight gain if mother has a normal weight

A

25-35 lbs (11.5-16 kg)

51
Q

Total weight gain if mother is overweight

A

15-25 lbs (7-11.5 kg)

52
Q

If lactose intolerant, these 9 foods are alternative sources of calcium

A

almonds, pinto beans, Cheerios, oatmeal, English muffins, collard greens, canned salmon, canned sardines, block tofu

53
Q

Four potential problems associated with pica

A
  1. microorganism or lead contamination
  2. constipation and intestinal blockage (clay, dirt)
  3. dental problems (large amounts of ice)
  4. decreased food intake
54
Q

Type of vegetarianism in which meat and eggs are avoided but dairy products are consumed

A

lactovegetarian

55
Q

Foods high in iron can inhibit use of ______ and _________ (may need to increase intake of these)

A

zinc, copper

56
Q

Distribution: Weight gain in breasts

A

1.3-3 lbs (0.7-1.4 kg)

57
Q

Zinc is important for these two things

A

DNA/RNA synthesis, maternal tissue growth

58
Q

Fats consist of ___ g or ___% of total calories

A

22, 30

59
Q

Distribution: Weight gain in extravascular fluids

A

3.5-5 lbs (1.6-2.3 kg)

60
Q

Weight loss by 6 months postpartum

A

Within 5.5 lbs of pre-pregnancy weight (if weight gain was not excessive)

61
Q

Type of vegetarianism that has the most difficulty meeting needs

A

vegan

62
Q

Infants will used stored iron for the first ___-___ months of life

A

4, 6

63
Q

Type of vegetarianism in which all animal products are avoided

A

vegan

64
Q

Recommended dosage of folic acid from one month before conception to 2-3 months after conception

A

400-800 mcg/day

65
Q

Pregnant women should avoid consumption of eggs unless they are ______________.

A

fully cooked

Nursing of Childbearing Family (15 decks)

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