verbatim chem groups Flashcards

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1
Q

Hydroxyl

A
  • OH
    Polar
    Not charged
    Carbs, nucleic acids, alcohols, acids, steroids
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2
Q

Carboxyl

A
  • COOH or COO-
    Acidic, negatively charged when H+ dissociates, involved in peptide bonds
    typically negatively charged at cell pH
    acidic, has donated H+
    amino acids, fatty acids
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3
Q

Amino

A
  • NH2, NH3+
    Basic, may bond an additional H+, involved in peptide bonds
    typically positively charged at cell pH, basic, has added H+
  • amino acids, nucleic acids
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4
Q

Phosphate

A
  • H2PO4
  • HPO4-
    acidic, up to two negative charges when H+ disassociates, links nucleotides in nucleotides in nucleic acids, energy-carrier group in ATP
  • nucleic acids, phospholipids
  • typically negatively charged at cell pH (acidic, has donated H+)
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5
Q

Methyl

A
  • CH3
    Non polar, tends to make molecules hydrophobic
  • NEVER chargges
  • organic molecules, esp lipids
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