Chapter 1 - Matter and Energy

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that occupies space and has mass

Question 2

Pure Substances

Answer 2

Have uniform chemical composition throughout samples

Question 3

Mixtures

Answer 3

Composed of two or more pure substances and may or may not have uniform composition

Question 4

Element

Answer 4

A substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances even by chemical reactions.

Question 5

Compound

Answer 5

A substances composed of 2 or more elements combined in definite proportions

Question 6

Types of Elements

Answer 6

Metals, metalloids, and non-metals

Question 7

Metals

Answer 7

Lustrous, malleable and ductile, conductor of heat and electricity, usually a solid at room temperature.

Question 8

Metalloids

Answer 8

An element having properties of both non-metals and metals.

Question 9

Non-metals

Answer 9

Dull, brittle, insulator of heat and electricity, may be a solid, liquid, or gas at room temperature

Question 10

Atom

Answer 10

The smallest unit of an element that retains chemical properties of that element

Question 11

Molecule

Answer 11

Smallest unit of a compound that retains the chemical properties of that compound

Question 12

Homogeneous Mixture

Answer 12

The same composition throughout samples (i.e. brass or tap water)

Question 13

Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 13

Do not have uniform composition throughout samples (i.e. potting soil)

Question 14

Macroscopic

Answer 14

Can be seen through the naked eye

Question 15

Molecular level

Answer 15

A theoretical magnification to a level that shows atoms

Question 16

Solid (s)

Answer 16

Fixed shape, its own volume, no volume change under pressure, particles are fixed in place

Question 17

Liquid (l)

Answer 17

Shape of container, its own volume, particles are arranged randomly and free to move about

Question 18

Gas (g)

Answer 18

Shape of the container (fills it), volume of container, large volume change under pressure, particles are widely separated and move independently

Question 19

Aqueous (aq)

Answer 19

Dissolved in water

Question 20

Property

Answer 20

A characteristic we can observe

Question 21

Change

Answer 21

A process that changes the properties of the substance

Question 22

Physical Property

Answer 22

A characteristic we can observe without changing the composition of a substance

Question 23

Qualitative properties

Answer 23

Color and odor

Question 24

Quantitative properties

Answer 24

Mass and density

Question 25

Physical change

Answer 25

A process in which no new substances are produced

Question 26

Chemical Property

Answer 26

A characteristic that can only be observed when a substance is converted into one or more other substances (ie. rusting pennies)

Question 27

Chemical change

Answer 27

A process where one or more substances are converted into one or more new substances

Question 28

Evidence of chemical change

Answer 28

Bubbling, a permanent color change, a sudden change in temperature

Question 29

Kilogram

Answer 29

kg, 10^3 g

Question 30

Milligram

Answer 30

mg, 10^-3 g

Question 31

Microgram

Answer 31

ug, 10^-6 g

Question 32

Volume

Answer 32

Amount of space a substance occupies

Question 33

1 mL

Answer 33

1 cm^3

Question 34

1 L

Answer 34

1000 mL