Sport Psychology - Attitudes

Question 1

Define attitude

Answer 1

A set of beliefs, feeling and values that pre-dispose an individual to behave in a certain way towards an attitude object

Question 2

Once an attitude is formed, which model is it stored in?

Answer 2

Triadic model

Question 3

Name the 3 components of the triadic model

Answer 3

Cognitive
Affective
Behavioural

Question 4

Define the cognitive component of the triadic model

Answer 4

The way the performer thinks about an attitude obeject

Question 5

Define the affective component of the triadic model

Answer 5

The way the performer feels about an attitude object

Question 6

Define the behavioural component of the triadic model

Answer 6

The way the performer acts towards an attitude object

Question 7

Name 3 theories of how an attitude can be formed

Answer 7

Past experiences
Conditioning
Social learning theory

Question 8

Attitude formation: Explain past experiences

Answer 8

A positive experience of an attitude leads to the formation of a sporting/unsporting attitude

Question 9

Attitude formation: Explain conditioning

Answer 9

If the performer is praised for an attitude, they will develop that sporting/unsporting attitude

Question 10

Attitude formation: Social learning theory

Answer 10

The performer will observe and imitate a role model’s sporting/unsporting attitude

Question 11

Name 2 ways that an attitude can be changed

Answer 11

Cognitive dissonance
Persuasive communication

Question 12

What does cognitive dissonance aim to do

Answer 12

Change attitudes
By causing conflict in the performer’s mind
By changing one component of the triadic model

Question 13

Cognitive dissonance: Explain how a coach can change the cognitive component of the triadic model

Answer 13

Provide evidence to show that training can benefit perofrmance

Question 14

Cognitive dissonance: How can a coach change the affective component of the triadic model

Answer 14

Vary training methods

Question 15

Cognitive dissonance: How can a coach change the behavioural component of the triadic model

Answer 15

Offer tangible and intangible rewards

Question 16

Name the 4 factors that effect persuasive communication

Answer 16

Status of the messenger
Quality of the message
Timing of the message
Individual’s resistance to change

Question 17

Persuasive communication: Explain status of the messenger

Answer 17

The higher the status of the messenger, the more likely the individual is to change

Question 18

Persuasive communication: Explain the quality of the message

Answer 18

Factual, objective information is more effective than subjective information

Question 19

Persuasive communication: Explain the timing of the message

Answer 19

A message should be given as soon as a poor attitude is shown

Question 20

Persuasive communication: Explain individual resistance to change

Answer 20

The higher the resistance, the less likely an individual is to change