MGD L1 Flashcards
1
Q
Where are genes found?
A
On chromosomes in the nucleus
2
Q
Where are proteins found?
A
In cytoplasm
3
Q
Describe the DNA in the nucleus
A
- Chromatin (can only be seen under ELECTRON MICROSCOPE)
- Chromosomes (Can only be seen under light microscope. only need light microscope to see)
TWO TYPES OF CHROMATIN:
- Heterochromatin
- Euchromatin
HISTOLOGY!!!
4
Q
State the 2 types of chromatin
A
- Euchromatin - less condensed, more active. GENES EXPRESSED
- Heterochromatin - more condensed, less active, GENES NOT EXPRESSED
5
Q
Define thehuman genome
A
The entire DNA sequence packed in chromosomes
6
Q
How many human chromosomes are there?
A
22 autosomes
2 sex chromosomes X and Y
7
Q
Describe the structure of DNA and RNA
A
Both nucleic acids
Nucleic acids are polynucleotides
Polynucleotides: Linear polymers of nucleotides
Nucleotide: nitrogenous base + pentose sugar (nucleoside) and at least one phosphate group
Diagram L1
8
Q
State the pentose sugar found in DNA
A
2-deoxyribose
Diagram L1
9
Q
State the pentose sugar in RNA
A
Ribose
Diagram L1
